The Poverty Impacts of the Doha Round in Cameroon : The Role of Tax Policy

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dc.creatorEmini, Christian Arnault
dc.creatorCockburn, John
dc.creatorDecaluwe, Bernard
dc.date2012-06-20T15:08:04Z
dc.date2012-06-20T15:08:04Z
dc.date2005-10
dc.date.accessioned2026-07-01T01:31:05Z
dc.descriptionThe authors aim to assess the possible impacts of the Doha Round of negotiations on poverty in Cameroon. During the recent period of economic recovery, Cameroon enjoyed a sharp decline in poverty, with the headcount index falling from 53.3 percent of inhabitants in 1996 to 40.2 percent in 2001, mostly due to economic growth rather than redistribution. Will the current trade negotiations under the Doha Round reinforce or curb this trend? They apply a computable general equilibrium (CGE) microsimulation model that involves 10,992 households in order to address this question. The authors find the Doha Round to be poverty-reducing for Cameroon. For the whole country, the estimate of the net number of people who are lifted out of poverty is 22,000 following this scenario. Further investigations indicate that more ambitious world trade liberalization leads to greater poverty alleviation at the national level, while Cameroon's domestic trade liberalization has adverse poverty and inequality impacts-despite giving rise to higher aggregate welfare. Under the Doha scenario, the cuts in Cameroon's tariffs are very small (the average tariff rate moves from 11.79 percent in the base run to merely 11.66 percent) so that world trade liberalization effects on prices more than offset the adverse own liberalization effects in this scenario. If the rest of the world and Cameroon full trade liberalizations are combined, the adverse impacts of own liberalization outweigh the favorable outcomes of the world trade liberalization. The results suggest furthermore that the choice of tax replacement instrument can have an important bias in poverty impacts: poverty gets worse in the country case study when using an imperfect value-added tax instead of a neutral replacement tax to compensate lost tariff revenue, and gets even worse when using a consumption tax. Key reasons here are the supplementary distortions which are nil in case of a neutral tax and greatest in the case of a consumption tax. In addition, accompanying measures should be considered to avoid poverty increases in the framework of Economic Partnership Agreements currently in negotiation between African, Caribbean, and Pacific (ACP) countries and the European Union, which propose a drastic dismantlement of ACP tariffs over the next few years.
dc.formatapplication/pdf
dc.formattext/plain
dc.identifierhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2005/10/6329506/poverty-impacts-doha-round-cameroon-role-tax-policy
dc.identifierhttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/8516
dc.identifierhttps://doi.org/10.1596/1813-9450-3746
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/123456789/418830
dc.languageEnglish
dc.publisherWorld Bank, Washington, DC
dc.relationPolicy Research Working Paper; No. 3746
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rightshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.rightsWorld Bank
dc.subjectADVERSE IMPACTS
dc.subjectAGGREGATE CONSUMPTION
dc.subjectAGGREGATE IMPORTS
dc.subjectAGGREGATE LEVEL
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL SECTOR
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL WAGE
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL WAGES
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL WORKERS
dc.subjectAGRICULTURE
dc.subjectAVERAGE GROWTH
dc.subjectAVERAGE GROWTH RATE
dc.subjectAVERAGE TARIFF
dc.subjectCAPITAL INCREASE
dc.subjectCASE STUDY
dc.subjectCASH CROPS
dc.subjectCOMPETITIVENESS
dc.subjectCONSTANT ELASTICITY OF SUBSTITUTION
dc.subjectCONSUMER PRICE INDEX
dc.subjectCONSUMER PRICES
dc.subjectCURRENCY
dc.subjectDEVALUATION
dc.subjectDEVELOPING COUNTRIES
dc.subjectDOMESTIC DEMAND
dc.subjectDOMESTIC MARKET
dc.subjectDOMESTIC PRODUCTION
dc.subjectECONOMIC CRISIS
dc.subjectECONOMIC GROWTH
dc.subjectECONOMIC PERSPECTIVES
dc.subjectECONOMIC POLICIES
dc.subjectELASTICITY
dc.subjectELASTICITY OF SUBSTITUTION
dc.subjectESCAPE POVERTY
dc.subjectEXPORT DIVERSIFICATION
dc.subjectEXPORT MARKETS
dc.subjectEXPORT PERFORMANCE
dc.subjectEXPORT PRICE
dc.subjectEXPORT PRICES
dc.subjectEXPORT SHARES
dc.subjectEXPORTS
dc.subjectEXTERNAL TRADE
dc.subjectEXTREME POVERTY
dc.subjectFACTOR ENDOWMENTS
dc.subjectFACTOR MARKETS
dc.subjectFACTOR PRICES
dc.subjectFEMALE-HEADED HOUSEHOLDS
dc.subjectFOOD INDUSTRY
dc.subjectFOOD PROCESSING
dc.subjectFREE TRADE
dc.subjectFULL LIBERALIZATION
dc.subjectGDP
dc.subjectGINI INDEX
dc.subjectGROWTH RATE
dc.subjectHEADCOUNT INDEX
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD EXPENDITURES
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD INCOME
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD SURVEY
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD SURVEYS
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD WELFARE
dc.subjectHUMAN DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectIMPORT COMPETITION
dc.subjectIMPORT PENETRATION
dc.subjectIMPORT PRICES
dc.subjectIMPORT TARIFFS
dc.subjectINCOME
dc.subjectINCOME DISTRIBUTION
dc.subjectINCOME GAINS
dc.subjectINCOME SHARES
dc.subjectINDUSTRIAL PRODUCTS
dc.subjectINDUSTRIAL SECTOR
dc.subjectINEQUALITY
dc.subjectINFORMAL ACTIVITIES
dc.subjectINFORMAL SECTOR
dc.subjectINSTITUTIONAL ENVIRONMENT
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL MARKET
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL TRADE
dc.subjectLABOR MARKET
dc.subjectLABOR MARKETS
dc.subjectLOST TARIFF REVENUE
dc.subjectNATIONAL LEVEL
dc.subjectOIL PRICES
dc.subjectPER CAPITA INCOME
dc.subjectPOLICY RESEARCH
dc.subjectPOOR
dc.subjectPOOR BENEFIT
dc.subjectPOOR HOUSEHOLD
dc.subjectPOOR HOUSEHOLDS
dc.subjectPOOR INDIVIDUALS
dc.subjectPOOR PEOPLE
dc.subjectPOOR POPULATION
dc.subjectPOVERTY
dc.subjectPOVERTY ALLEVIATION
dc.subjectPOVERTY GAP
dc.subjectPOVERTY HEADCOUNT
dc.subjectPOVERTY INCIDENCE
dc.subjectPOVERTY INCREASES
dc.subjectPOVERTY INDICATORS
dc.subjectPOVERTY LINE
dc.subjectPOVERTY MEASURES
dc.subjectPOVERTY REDUCING
dc.subjectPOVERTY SEVERITY
dc.subjectPOVERTY SITUATION
dc.subjectPOVERTY TRENDS
dc.subjectPRIMARY FACTORS
dc.subjectPRIMARY FACTORS OF PRODUCTION
dc.subjectPRODUCTION COSTS
dc.subjectPUBLIC SERVICE
dc.subjectPUBLIC SERVICES
dc.subjectREAL EXCHANGE RATE
dc.subjectREAL GDP
dc.subjectRURAL
dc.subjectRURAL AREAS
dc.subjectRURAL HOUSEHOLD
dc.subjectRURAL HOUSEHOLDS
dc.subjectRURAL INCOME
dc.subjectRURAL INCOMES
dc.subjectSEVERE POVERTY
dc.subjectSQUARED POVERTY GAP
dc.subjectTARIFF RATE
dc.subjectTARIFF RATES
dc.subjectTARIFF REVENUES
dc.subjectTAX REVENUES
dc.subjectTECHNICAL ASSISTANCE
dc.subjectTERMS OF TRADE
dc.subjectTOTAL OUTPUT
dc.subjectTRADE AGREEMENT
dc.subjectTRADE BALANCE
dc.subjectTRADE DEFICIT
dc.subjectTRADE LIBERALIZATION
dc.subjectTRADE LIBERALIZATIONS
dc.subjectTRADE NEGOTIATIONS
dc.subjectTRADE REFORM
dc.subjectUNILATERAL LIBERALIZATION
dc.subjectUNSKILLED LABOR
dc.subjectURBAN AREA
dc.subjectURBAN AREAS
dc.subjectURBAN HOUSEHOLDS
dc.subjectURBAN POOR
dc.subjectURBAN POVERTY
dc.subjectVALUE ADDED
dc.subjectVALUE OF EXPORTS
dc.subjectVALUE OF IMPORTS
dc.subjectWAGE INCOME
dc.subjectWAGE RATE
dc.subjectWAGE RATES
dc.subjectWORLD PRICES
dc.subjectWORLD TRADE
dc.subjectWTO
dc.titleThe Poverty Impacts of the Doha Round in Cameroon : The Role of Tax Policy

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