The Remitting Patterns of African Migrants in the OECD
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Recorded remittances to Africa have
grown dramatically over the past decade. Yet data
limitations still mean relatively little is known about
which migrants remit, how much they remit, and how their
remitting behavior varies with gender, education, income
levels, and duration abroad. This paper constructs the most
comprehensive remittance database on immigrants in the OECD
currently available, containing microdata on more than
12,000 African immigrants. Using this microdata the authors
establish several basic facts about the remitting patterns
of Africans, and then explore how key characteristics of
policy interest relate to remittance behavior. Africans are
found to remit twice as much on average as migrants from
other developing countries, and those from poorer African
countries are more likely to remit than those from richer
African countries. Male migrants remit more than female
migrants, particularly among those with a spouse remaining
in the home country; more-educated migrants remit more than
less educated migrants; and although the amount remitted
increases with income earned, the gradient is quite flat
over a large range of income. Finally, there is little
evidence that the amount remitted decays with time spent
abroad, with reductions in the likelihood of remitting
offset by increases in the amount remitted conditional on remitting.
Palabras clave
ANNUAL REMITTANCES, BEQUESTS, BRAIN DRAIN, BULLETIN, CONSEQUENCES OF MIGRATION, COUNTRIES OF BIRTH, COUNTRIES OF ORIGIN, COUNTRY OF ORIGIN, DATA ON REMITTANCES, DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS, DESTINATION COUNTRY, DETERMINANTS OF REMITTANCES, DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, DEVELOPING COUNTRY, DIASPORA, DUMMY VARIABLES, EDUCATED MIGRANTS, EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT, EMIGRATION, EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS, EXCHANGE RATE, EXCHANGE RATES, FAMILY COMPOSITION, FAMILY MEMBERS, FEMALE MIGRANTS, FINANCIAL DEVELOPMENT, FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS, FORMAL EDUCATION, GENDER, GROSS NATIONAL INCOME, HIGH SCHOOL EDUCATION, HOME COUNTRIES, HOME COUNTRY, HOST COUNTRY, HOUSEHOLD INCOME, HOUSEHOLD LEVEL, HOUSEHOLD SIZE, HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS, ILLEGAL MIGRANTS, IMMIGRANT, IMMIGRANT POPULATION, IMMIGRANT POPULATIONS, IMMIGRANTS, IMPACT OF REMITTANCES, INCOME LEVEL, INCOME LEVELS, INCOME SHOCKS, INCOMES, INFORMAL TRANSFERS, INSURANCE, INTERNATIONAL BANK, INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION, INTERNATIONAL POLICY, INTERNATIONAL REMITTANCE, INVESTMENT OPPORTUNITIES, JOB OPPORTUNITIES, LABOR FORCE, LEGAL IMMIGRATION, LEGAL STATUS, LIVING CONDITIONS, LOAN, MARITAL STATUS, MICRODATA, MIGRANT, MIGRANT CHARACTERISTICS, MIGRANT HOUSEHOLD, MIGRANT HOUSEHOLDS, MIGRANT ORIGIN, MIGRANT REMITTANCES, MIGRANTS, MIGRATION FLOWS, MIGRATION POLICIES, MIGRATION POLICY, MINORITY, MONEY TO RELATIVES, NEGATIVE SHOCK, NUMBER OF CHILDREN, NUMBER OF MIGRANTS, NUMBER OF PEOPLE, OFFICIAL REMITTANCE, PERMANENT MIGRANTS, PERSONAL INCOME, POLICY DECISIONS, POLICY RESEARCH, POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER, POLITICAL ECONOMY, POST OFFICE, POST OFFICES, PRIVATE SECTOR, PRIVATE SECTOR DEVELOPMENT, PROGRESS, PURCHASING POWER, RECENT IMMIGRANTS, REFUGEE, REMITTANCE, REMITTANCE CHANNELS, REMITTANCE COSTS, REMITTANCE FLOWS, REMITTANCE SENDER, REMITTANCE SENDERS, REMITTANCE TRANSFERS, REMITTANCES, REMITTERS, RESPECT, RETURN, RETURN MIGRATION, RETURNS, RICHER COUNTRIES, SEND MONEY, SEND REMITTANCES, SEX, SKILL LEVEL, SKILLED MIGRANTS, SKILLED MIGRATION, SOCIAL CAPITAL, SOCIAL POLICY, SPOUSE, SPOUSES, STD, TAX, TEMPORARY MIGRANTS, TOTAL ANNUAL REMITTANCES, TRANSACTION, TRANSFER OF FUNDS, TYPES OF MIGRATION, WAGE DIFFERENCES, WAGE DIFFERENTIALS, WORK PERMITS