Comportamiento de cepas de Rhizobium japonicum asociadas con variedades de soya (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) seleccionadas para el departamento del Tolima
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Instituto Colombiano Agropecuario
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Se estudió en el invernadero el comportamiento de nueve cepas de Rhizobiuin japonicum de la colección del Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical (CIAT), con tres genotipos de soya (L-108, L.109 y L-120) promisorios para el departamento
del Tolima. El estudio incluyó un experimento en medio de agar para plántulas y otro experimento en materas con suelos de las series Perales (terraza de Ibagué) y Dindalito (Espinal).
Los resultados de ambos experimentos permitieron comprobar que existe una alta especificidad entre las cepas de Rhizabium japonicum y las variedades de soya. Las cepas CIAT 1 y 51 fueron las menos afectadas en su comportamiento por el genotipo de planta, y dieron los más altos porcentajes de nitrógeno en el tejido aéreo, y el mayor peso de nódulos y materia seca, por lo cual son recomendables para Ia preparación de inoculantes para las variedades y los suelos incluidos en este estudio.
Los suelos estudiados suministraron muy poco nitrógeno a Ia planta de soya, lo cual junto con Ia baja o prácticamente nula población "nativa" de Rhizobiunz japonicum muestra la importancia de hacer inoculaciones bajo las condiciones descritas.
En estudios con medio de agar para plántulas, el peso seco de Ia parte área de La planta podría utilizarse como único parámetro para comparar rápida y económicamente diferentes cepas de Rhizobium japonicum, ya que presenta alta correlación
con el peso de nódulos y el porcentaje de nitrógeno
del tejido aéreo.
Greenhouse studies were conducted to observe the behavior of nine Rhizobium japonicum strains in association with three soybean genotypes (L-108, L-109 and L-120) of promising characteristics of adaptation to the enviroment of the Department of Tolima (Colombia). The strains were suplied by the Centro I nternacional de Agricuitura Tropicai (CIAT). The study included an experiment using seedling agar medium and another one in which the soybean plants were grown in pots containing soils from Perales series (lbagué plateau) and Dindalito series (Espinai). The results confirmed the specificity of the RIsi- zob iu in japonicum-plant genotype association. Strains CIAT 1 and 51 were affected the least by the plant genotype. The highest plant nitrogen- content, nodule dry-weight and dry-matter produc- tion were obtained with these strains. These results allow to suggest their use for preparing inocula for the indicated genotypes and soils. The soils studied supplied very small amounts of nitrogen to the soybean plant and had almost null populations of Rhizobium japonicum, which empha- sizes the need for inoculation. The results of the seedling-agar study indicated that dry-matter production is a suitable parameter for a quick and low cost comparison of Riuzobium japonicum strains, since it is correlated with nodule dry-weight and percent nitrogen of the aereai part of the plant.
Soya
Soja- Glycine max
Greenhouse studies were conducted to observe the behavior of nine Rhizobium japonicum strains in association with three soybean genotypes (L-108, L-109 and L-120) of promising characteristics of adaptation to the enviroment of the Department of Tolima (Colombia). The strains were suplied by the Centro I nternacional de Agricuitura Tropicai (CIAT). The study included an experiment using seedling agar medium and another one in which the soybean plants were grown in pots containing soils from Perales series (lbagué plateau) and Dindalito series (Espinai). The results confirmed the specificity of the RIsi- zob iu in japonicum-plant genotype association. Strains CIAT 1 and 51 were affected the least by the plant genotype. The highest plant nitrogen- content, nodule dry-weight and dry-matter produc- tion were obtained with these strains. These results allow to suggest their use for preparing inocula for the indicated genotypes and soils. The soils studied supplied very small amounts of nitrogen to the soybean plant and had almost null populations of Rhizobium japonicum, which empha- sizes the need for inoculation. The results of the seedling-agar study indicated that dry-matter production is a suitable parameter for a quick and low cost comparison of Riuzobium japonicum strains, since it is correlated with nodule dry-weight and percent nitrogen of the aereai part of the plant.
Soya
Soja- Glycine max
Palabras clave
Arreglo y sistemas de cultivo - F08, Rhizobium, Bradyrhizobium japonicum, Glycine max, Genotipos, Transitorios