HIV and AIDS in South Asia : An
            Economic Development Risk

Haacker, Markus; Claeson, Mariam

HIV and AIDS in South Asia : An Economic Development Risk

Autores

Haacker, Markus

Claeson, Mariam

Editor

World Bank

Descripción

This book offers an original perspective on HIV and AIDS as a development issue in South Asia, a region with a heterogeneous epidemic and estimated national HIV prevalence rates of up to 0.5 percent. The analysis challenges the common perception of HIV and AIDS, which has been shaped to a large extent by analysis of HIV and AIDS in regions with much higher prevalence rates. The chapters, most of which were commissioned specifically for this volume, can be grouped in three broad themes - the epidemiology of HIV and prevention strategies (chapters one and two), economic and development impacts of HIV and AIDS (chapters three and four), and the implications of HIV and AIDS for the health sector (chapters five and six). Within each theme, one chapter provides a more general discussion of the respective issues in the region (chapters one, three, and five), and one chapter highlights aspects of the respective issue in one particular country (with chapter two dealing with HIV in Afghanistan, and chapters four and six discus sing aspects of the impact of or the response to HIV and AIDS in India). Regarding the broad development themes identified by this book, chapters one and two highlight the epidemiological risks. Chapter three surveys the intersection of HIV and AIDS and key development objectives, and is complemented by chapters four and five. The forward-looking discussion of the challenges of scaling up (chapter five) is complemented by an analysis of the costs of antiretroviral treatment (ART) in India (chapter six) and a cross-country analysis of access to treatment (in chapter three).

Palabras clave

ACCESS TO HEALTH SERVICES, ACCESS TO PREVENTION, ACCESS TO TREATMENT, ADDICTION, ADHERENCE TO TREATMENT, AGE DISTRIBUTION, AGED, AIDS AWARENESS, AIDS CASES, AIDS DISEASE, AIDS PANDEMIC, AIDS PATIENTS, AIDS PREVENTION, AIDS PREVENTION PROGRAM, AIDS PROGRAM, AIDS PROGRAMS, AIDS TREATMENT, ANAL INTERCOURSE, ANTENATAL CARE, ANTENATAL CLINIC, ANTENATAL CLINICS, BEHAVIOR CHANGE, BEHAVIORAL SURVEILLANCE, BLOOD TESTS, BLOOD TRANSFUSION, BROTHELS, CASUAL PARTNERS, CHILD CARE, CLEAN NEEDLES, CLINIC PATIENTS, CLINIC PROGRAM, COMMERCIAL SEX, COMMERCIAL SEX WORK, CONDOM, CONDOM DISTRIBUTION, CONDOM PROMOTION, CONDOM USE, CONDOMS, CRIME, DEMOGRAPHIC IMPACT, DEMOGRAPHIC IMPACTS, DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, DEVELOPMENT OBJECTIVES, DIAGNOSIS, DIAGNOSTIC TESTS, DISCRIMINATION, DISEASES, DISSEMINATION, DRUG INJECTORS, DRUG REGIMENS, DRUGS, ECONOMIC GROWTH, EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT, EFFECTIVE PREVENTION, EPIDEMIC, EPIDEMICS, EPIDEMIOLOGICAL EVIDENCE, EPIDEMIOLOGY, EXTRAMARITAL SEX, FAMILIES, FAMILY HEALTH, FAMILY HEALTH INTERNATIONAL, FAMILY WELFARE, FEASIBILITY STUDIES, FEMALE PARTNERS, FEMALE SEX WORKERS, FEMALES, FUTURE GROWTH, GENITAL ULCER, GENITAL ULCERS, HARM REDUCTION, HEALTH CARE, HEALTH CARE SYSTEMS, HEALTH INDICATORS, HEALTH INSURANCE, HEALTH INTERVENTIONS, HEALTH PROVIDERS, HEALTH SECTOR, HEALTH SURVEYS, HEALTH SYSTEMS, HIGH-RISK, HIGH-RISK BEHAVIORS, HIGH-RISK GROUPS, HIGH-RISK SEXUAL BEHAVIOR, HIV, HIV DATA, HIV INFECTION, HIV INFECTIONS, HIV POSITIVE, HIV PREVENTION, HIV PREVENTION INTERVENTIONS, HIV TRANSMISSION, HIV/AIDS, HOSPITAL, HOSPITALS, HOUSEHOLD LEVEL, HUMAN CAPITAL, HUMAN DEVELOPMENT, HUSBANDS, ILLNESS, ILLNESSES, INEQUITIES, INJECTING DRUG USE, INJECTING DRUG USERS, INTERCOURSE, INTERNAL MIGRANTS, INTERVENTION, LABOR SUPPLY, LACK OF KNOWLEDGE, LEGAL STATUS, LEVELS OF EDUCATION, LIFE EXPECTANCY, LOW PREVALENCE, MALE CIRCUMCISION, MALE PARTNERS, MALE SEX, MEDICAL COSTS, MENTAL HEALTH, MIGRANTS, MIGRATION, MORTALITY, MUCOSAL SURFACE, MULTIPLE SEXUAL PARTNERS, NATIONAL AIDS, NATIONAL AIDS CONTROL, NATIONAL AIDS STRATEGIES, NATIONAL BORDERS, NATIONAL FAMILY HEALTH SURVEY, NATIONAL GOVERNMENTS, NATIONAL HEALTH, NATIONAL HEALTH SYSTEMS, NATIONAL PLAN, NATIONAL POPULATION, NEEDLE EXCHANGE, NEEDLE SHARING, NEEDLES, NUMBER OF HOUSEHOLDS, NUMBER OF PEOPLE, NUMBER OF REFUGEES, OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS, ORPHANS, PARTICULAR COUNTRY, PEER EDUCATION, PHYSICIANS, POLICY IMPLICATIONS, POLICY MAKERS, POLITICAL UNREST, POPULATION GROUPS, POPULATION GROWTH, PREGNANT WOMEN, PREMARITAL SEX, PRETEST COUNSELING, PREVALENCE RATE, PREVALENCE RATES, PREVENTION ACTIVITIES, PREVENTION EFFORTS, PREVENTION INTERVENTIONS, PREVENTION STRATEGIES, PRISONS, PRIVATE PROVIDERS, PROGRESS, PUBLIC HEALTH, PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICES, REAGENTS, REFUGEES, REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH, REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH CARE, REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH SERVICES, RESOURCE CONSTRAINTS, RESPECT, RETURNEES, RISK BEHAVIOR, RISK FACTORS, RISK OF INFECTION, RISK OF TRANSMISSION, RISK POPULATIONS, RISKY BEHAVIOR, RISKY BEHAVIORS, RURAL AREAS, SEX, SEX PARTNERS, SEX WITH MEN, SEX WORK, SEX WORKERS, SEXUAL BEHAVIOR, SEXUAL ENCOUNTERS, SEXUAL NETWORKS, SEXUAL PARTNER, SEXUAL PARTNERS, SEXUAL PARTNERSHIP, SEXUAL PARTNERSHIPS, SEXUAL RELATIONSHIP, SEXUAL TRANSMISSION, SEXUALLY ACTIVE, SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASE, SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTION, SOCIAL CHANGE, SOCIAL CHANGES, SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT, SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS, SPOUSES, STATUS OF WOMEN, STD, STD CONTROL, STDS, STIS, STREET CHILDREN, SURVEILLANCE DATA, SYPHILIS, SYRINGES, TB, THERAPY, TREATMENT REGIMES, TREATMENT SERVICES, ULCER, UNAIDS, UNMARRIED PEOPLE, UNPROTECTED SEX, UNSAFE BLOOD, UNSAFE SEX, URBAN AREAS, URBAN CENTERS, VIRAL LOAD, VIRUS, VULNERABILITY, VULNERABLE GROUPS, VULNERABLE POPULATIONS, WAR, YOUNG ADULTS, YOUTH