Agribusiness Indicators : Ghana
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Washington, DC
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Agriculture plays an important role in
the economies of most countries in Africa. However, few
African countries have been able to capitalize on the
sector's considerable potential to contribute to
economic development through commercialization. Few have
created an enabling environment for agricultural finance in
which lenders and other agents are encouraged to develop
innovative financial products that are well tailored to meet
the needs of local producers. Few African countries have
purposefully set out to encourage the use of modern farm
machinery. Some, however, have invested in road
infrastructure and transport facilities to reduce
transaction costs and improve producers' access to
markets. The countries that have undertaken initiatives to
expand producers' access to agricultural technologies
such as certified or hybrid seeds and fertilizers have
generally been the most effective at increasing agricultural
productivity. The research described in this volume used a
set of agribusiness indicators to collect data that capture
the performance of the agriculture sector in the Republic of
Ghana, using a list of preliminary indicators covering the
following areas: (i) access to and availability of certified
seed; (ii) availability of and access to fertilizer; (iii)
access to farm machinery, particularly tractor hire services
for land preparation; (iv) access to agricultural and
agro-enterprise finance; (v) cost and efficiency of
transport; (vi) measures of policy certainty and the
orientation of the enabling environment as perceived by the
private sector; and (vii) various policy, trade, and fiscal
measures. Ghana was the first country in which these
indicators were tested for ease and consistency. The
indicators were then finalized and used for data collection
in two other African countries (Ethiopia and Mozambique).
Palabras clave
ACCESS TO MARKETS, ACCESSIBILITY, AGRIBUSINESS, AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES, AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES, AGRICULTURAL INPUTS, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS, AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGIES, AGROCHEMICALS, AMMONIA, ARABLE LAND, AVERAGE PRICE, AVERAGE PRICES, BARRIERS TO ENTRY, BRAND, BRANDS, BREEDER SEED, CASSAVA, CEREALS, CHEMICAL FERTILIZER, CLIMATIC CONDITIONS, COCOA, COCOA BEANS, COMMERCIAL BANK, COMMERCIAL BANKS, COMMERCIAL ENTERPRISES, COMMERCIAL FARMING, COMMERCIAL VEHICLES, COMMERCIALIZATION, COMMODITY, COMMODITY PRICES, COMPETITIVENESS, COTTON, CROP, CROP RESEARCH, CROP YIELDS, CROPPING, CROPS, CULTIVATION, DOMESTIC FERTILIZER, DRIP IRRIGATION, ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY, EXPENDITURE, EXPENDITURES, FAO, FARM, FARM LAND, FARM PRODUCE, FARMER, FARMERS, FARMING, FARMS, FERTILIZER, FERTILIZER APPLICATION, FERTILIZER CONSUMPTION, FERTILIZER COST, FERTILIZER DEVELOPMENT, FERTILIZER DISTRIBUTION, FERTILIZER IMPORTS, FERTILIZER INGREDIENTS, FERTILIZER MARKET, FERTILIZER PRICES, FERTILIZER PRODUCT, FERTILIZER PRODUCTS, FERTILIZER SUBSIDY, FERTILIZER USE, FERTILIZERS, FIELD CROPS, FISHING, FLAT RATE, FOOD CROPS, FOOD POLICY RESEARCH, FOOD SUPPLY, FORESTRY, FOUNDATION SEED, FREIGHT, FUNGICIDES, GERMPLASM, GRAIN, GRAIN PRODUCTION, GRAINS, GREEN REVOLUTION, GROUNDNUT, GROWING SEASON, HEAVY SOILS, HERBICIDES, HIGHWAY, HIGHWAY AUTHORITY, HORTICULTURAL PRODUCTS, HOURS OF OPERATION, HYBRID SEED, HYBRID SEEDS, HYBRIDS, IFPRI, INFLATION, INPUT PRICES, INSECTICIDES, INSPECTION, INTERNATIONAL FERTILIZER DEVELOPMENT CENTER, INTERNATIONAL FOOD POLICY RESEARCH INSTITUTE, INTERNATIONAL MARKETS, INVENTORIES, LABOR DEMAND, LABOR FORCE, LEGUMES, LOGGING, MAIZE, MAIZE PRODUCTION, MARKET DEMAND, MARKET DEVELOPMENT, MARKET ENTRY, MARKET SHARE, MARKET TOWNS, MEANS OF TRANSPORT, MILLET, MODE OF TRANSPORTATION, MONOPOLY, MULTIPLIERS, NITROGEN, NITROGEN FERTILIZER, OIL PALM, PALM OIL, PATRONAGE, PESTICIDES, PLANT PROTECTION, PLANTING, PLOWING, POLICY ENVIRONMENT, POLICY MAKERS, POULTRY, PRIVATE SEED COMPANIES, PRIVATE SEED INDUSTRY, PRODUCE, PRODUCER PRICES, PRODUCTION SYSTEM, PROFIT MARGINS, RAILROADS, RETAIL, RETAIL PRICES, RETAIL STORE, RICE, RICE PRODUCTION, ROAD, ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE, ROAD MAINTENANCE, ROAD QUALITY, ROAD SECTOR, ROAD TRANSPORT, ROADS, RURAL INFRASTRUCTURE, SALE, SALES, SEED, SEED LAWS, SEED MARKETING, SEED MULTIPLICATION, SEED POLICY, SEED PRODUCERS, SEED PRODUCTION, SEED SECTOR, SEED TECHNOLOGY, SEED VARIETIES, SEEDLINGS, SHIFTING CULTIVATION, SOIL TYPE, SORGHUM, SOYBEAN, SOYBEANS, SPREAD, STOCKS, SUPPLIER, SURPLUS, TILLAGE, TILLERS, TOTAL SALES, TRANSACTION COSTS, TRANSPARENCY, TRANSPORT, TRANSPORT COSTS, TRANSPORT FACILITIES, TRANSPORT POLICY, TRANSPORT PRICE, TRANSPORT RATES, TRANSPORT SECTOR, TRANSPORT SERVICES, TRANSPORTATION COST, TRANSPORTATION COSTS, TROPICAL AGRICULTURE, TURNOVER, UREA, VEGETABLES, WALKING, WAREHOUSE, WHOLESALE PRICE, WHOLESALE PRICES, WHOLESALER, WORLD MARKETS, YIELDS