Qualitative Study of Household Livelihood Strategies and Constraints in Zambia
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World Bank, Washington, DC
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Inclusive growth and poverty reduction
requires an understanding of the constraints to increasing
productivity of the informal sector, which employs the
majority of Zambians. Zambians working in this sector are
poor, have little education, die young from avoidable
diseases, and live predominantly in rural areas. Even if
more opportunities for formal employment currently existed,
this population would not be qualified for these jobs. Their
productive inclusion in society, and making sure they can
invest in their children’s futures to break the
intergenerational transmission of poverty, requires rural
investment that can help unlock constraints to informal
sector productivity. A recent review of the constraints that
women face, relative to men, reveal that women’s business
performance is affected by a combination of contextual
factors and gender differences. This qualitative study
sought to understand : (a) the key livelihood strategies
used by women and men in Zambia; (b) the key constraints
that women and men face; (c) how these constraints shape the
strategies that are available; and (d) what women and men
understand about human rights. The research had a specific
focus on identifying responses that could help to increase
women’s economic empowerment.
Palabras clave
AGRICULTURE, INCOME GENERATION, PRODUCTIVITY, HUMAN RIGHTS, LIVELIHOODS, GENDER, SMALL FARMERS, SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES, SELF-EMPLOYMENT