Building Science, Technology, and Innovation Capacity in Rwanda : Developing Practical Solutions to Practical Problems
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Washington, DC : World Bank
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The purpose of this report is to show
how development issues and policy initiatives shaped the
design and structure of the science, technology, and
innovation (STI) capacity-building program that eventually
emerged from the partnership between the Government of
Rwanda and the World Bank. Too often, government STI
capacity building programs do not closely link specific STI
investments and the country's economic and social
development objectives, almost as if investing in science
and research and development (R&D) obviated the need to
design detailed programmatic linkages and develop mission
oriented capacity-building programs. These challenges fall
into two broad categories: (a) improving the lives of the
rural poor, reducing poverty, and achieving the Millennium
Development Goals (MDGs) and (b) generating wealth,
diversifying the economy, and supporting private sector
initiatives to produce and sell value-added natural resource
(mostly agricultural) exports.
Palabras clave
ACTION PLAN, ACTION PLANS, AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT, AGRICULTURAL EDUCATION, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY, AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH, AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH BOARD, AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, AGRICULTURAL YIELDS, AGRICULTURE, AGRICULTURE RESEARCH, APPLIED RESEARCH, APPLIED SCIENCES, APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGIES, APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGY, AUTOMOBILES, BEANS, BEST-PRACTICE, BULK COMMODITIES, BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT, BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT SERVICES, BUSINESSES, BUYERS, CAPABILITIES, CAPABILITY, CAPABILITY BUILDING, CAPACITY BUILDING, CAPACITY-BUILDING, CASH FLOW, CASSAVA, CERTIFICATE, CERTIFICATES, CITIES, CIVIL SOCIETY, COFFEE, COLLABORATION, COMMERCE, COMMODITIES, COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY, COMMUNICATIONS INFRASTRUCTURE, COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY, COMPETITIVE GLOBAL ECONOMY, COMPETITIVENESS, COPYRIGHT, COURSE DESIGN, CROP, CULTIVATION TECHNIQUES, CUSTOMS, DEFORESTATION, DIGITAL DIVIDE, DISEASES, DISTRIBUTION NETWORKS, DRIP IRRIGATION, E-MAIL, ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT, EDUCATION DEPARTMENT, ELECTRICITY, EMPLOYMENT, END-USERS, ENGINEERS, ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS, ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY, ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATIONS, ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE, EQUIPMENT, EXPORT PROMOTION, EXTENSION AGENTS, FARMING, FIBER CROPS, FINANCIAL RESOURCES, FINANCIAL SUPPORT, FOOD CROPS, FOOD SAFETY, FOOD SECURITY, FOOD SUPPLY, FOREIGN INVESTMENT, FRUITS, GIS, GLOBAL ECONOMY, GLOBAL MARKET, GLOBAL MARKETPLACE, GOVERNMENT POLICY, HARMONIZATION, HUMAN DEVELOPMENT, HUMAN RESOURCE, HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT, HUMAN RESOURCES, INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT, INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION, INDUSTRY STANDARDS, INFORMATION SERVICE, INFORMATION SYSTEM, INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY INDUSTRY, INNOVATION, INNOVATION POLICY, INNOVATION PROGRAM, INSTALLATIONS, INSTITUTION, INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY, IRRIGATION, KNOWLEDGE CREATION, KNOWLEDGE PRODUCTS, KNOWLEDGE SOCIETY, LEARNING, LEVELS OF EDUCATION, LICENSES, LITERACY, LITERACY RATES, LIVESTOCK, MAIZE, MANAGERIAL SKILLS, MARKET DEMAND, MARKET DEMANDS, MARKET PRICES, MARKET RESEARCH, MARKETING, MATERIAL, MEAT, MILK, MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, NATIONAL AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH, NATIONAL TRAINING, NATURAL RESOURCE, NATURAL RESOURCES, NETWORKS, NEW TECHNOLOGIES, NEW TECHNOLOGY, NONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS, ORGANIC CERTIFICATION, ORGANIC PRACTICES, ORGANIC PRODUCTION, PEST CONTROL, PHOTO, POLLUTION, POTATOES, POVERTY REDUCTION, PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP, PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS, PRIVATE SECTOR, PRIVATE SECTOR DEVELOPMENT, PRIVATE SECTOR PARTICIPATION, PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT, PRODUCTION PROCESS, PRODUCTION TECHNIQUES, PRODUCTIVITY, PROGRAMS, PROTOTYPES, PUBLIC UTILITY, PURCHASING POWER, QUALITY MANAGEMENT, QUERIES, R&D, REGULATORY AGENCIES, REGULATORY AGENCY, REGULATORY ENVIRONMENT, RESEARCH CENTERS, RESEARCH INSTITUTES, RESEARCH INSTITUTIONS, RESEARCH LABORATORIES, RESEARCH PROGRAMS, RESEARCH RESULTS, RESULT, RICE, RURAL DEVELOPMENT, SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH, SCIENTISTS, SILOS, SKILL LEVELS, SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT, SOIL EROSION, SOIL FERTILITY, SOIL MANAGEMENT, SOIL TESTING, STANDARDIZATION, SUBSISTENCE CROPS, SUBSISTENCE FARMERS, SUPPLY CHAIN, TEACHERS, TEACHING, TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE, TECHNICAL EDUCATION, TECHNICAL INSTITUTES, TECHNICAL KNOWLEDGE, TECHNICAL NEEDS, TECHNICAL STAFF, TECHNICAL SUPPORT, TECHNICAL TRAINING, TECHNICIANS, TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT, TECHNOLOGY DIFFUSION, TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER, TECHNOLOGY USERS, TELEPHONE, THERMAL POWER PLANTS, TRAINING ACTIVITIES, TRAINING CENTERS, TRAINING COURSE, TRAINING COURSES, TRAINING INITIATIVES, TRAINING INSTITUTIONS, TRAINING PARTNERSHIPS, TRAINING PROGRAMS, UNEP, UNITED NATIONS, UNITED NATIONS ENVIRONMENT PROGRAMME, UNIVERSITIES, UNIVERSITY RECTORS, USAID, USES, VALUE CHAIN, VALUE CHAINS, VEGETABLES, VOCATIONAL EDUCATION, VOCATIONAL SCHOOLS, VOCATIONAL TRAINING, WATER RESOURCES, WATERSHED, WEALTH CREATION, WORKERS