Reputation Matters : Spillover Effects in the Enforcement of US SPS Measures
No hay miniatura disponible
Fecha
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Resumen
Descripción
This paper uses a novel dataset on
United States food import refusals to show that reputation
is an important factor in the enforcement of sanitary and
phytosanitary measures. The strongest reputation effect
comes from a country's own history of compliance in
relation to a particular product. The odds of at least one
import refusal in the current year increase by more than 300
percent if there was a refusal in the preceding year, after
controlling for other factors. However, the data are also
suggestive of the existence of two sets of spillovers.
First, import refusals are less likely if there is an
established history of compliance in relation to other goods
in the same sector. Second, an established history of
compliance in relation to the same product by neighboring
countries also helps reduce the number of import refusals.
These findings have important policy implications for
exporters of agricultural products, especially in
middle-income countries. In particular, they highlight the
importance of a comprehensive approach to upgrading
standards systems, focusing on sectors rather than
individual products, as well as the possible benefits that
can come from regional cooperation in building sanitary and
phytosanitary compliance capacity.
Palabras clave
ACCOUNTING, AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS, AGRICULTURE, BARRIER, CANNED FOODS, CANNING, COMMERCE, COMMODITIES, COMPETITIVENESS, CONTAINERS, COUNTRY FIXED EFFECTS, COUNTRY LEVEL, DATES, DEMOCRACY, DEPENDENT VARIABLE, DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS, DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, DEVELOPING COUNTRY, DUMPING, ECONOMETRIC MODEL, ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE, ECONOMIC POLICY, ECONOMIC RESEARCH, ECONOMIC REVIEW, ECONOMIC THEORY, EGG, EMPIRICAL MODEL, EMPLOYMENT, EXPLANATORY VARIABLE, FOOD IMPORTS, FOOD PRODUCTS, FOOD SAFETY, FOOD STANDARDS, FOODBORNE ILLNESSES, FOODS, FRUIT, FRUIT PRODUCTS, FRUITS, HAZARD, HISTORICAL DATA, INCOME, INCOME EFFECTS, INCOME GROUP, INCOME GROUPS, INTERNATIONAL MARKETS, INTERNATIONAL TRADE, JURISDICTION, LABELING, LAGGED DEPENDENT, LOW INCOME, LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES, MARKET ACCESS, MEAT, MEATS, MIDDLE-INCOME COUNTRIES, NATURAL RESOURCES, NEGATIVE COEFFICIENT, NEW MARKET, NUTS, PATH DEPENDENCE, PER CAPITA INCOME, PESTICIDE, POLICY DISCUSSIONS, POLICY IMPLICATIONS, POLICY RESEARCH, POLITICAL ECONOMY, POLITICAL SCIENCE, POOR COUNTRIES, POSITIVE COEFFICIENT, POSITIVE CORRELATION, PRODUCTIVITY, RAPID INCREASE, REGRESSION RESULTS, REPUTATION, SALE, SEAFOOD, SPICES, SUPPLIER, TEA, TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE, TRACK RECORD, TRANSPARENCY, VEGETABLES, WORLD DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS