Bioconcentration factor of fungicides in soybean grains.

PARAIBA, L. C.; QUEIROZ, S. C. do N. de; SOUZA, D. R. C. de; MORICONI, W.; PAZIANOTTO, R. A. A.; JONSSON, C. M.; PARAÍBA, C. C. M.

Bioconcentration factor of fungicides in soybean grains.

Autores

PARAIBA, L. C.

QUEIROZ, S. C. do N. de

Descripción

Abstract: Controlling phytopathogenic fungi in soybean crops (Glycine max L) is necessary and requires several types of fungicides, however, some of these pesticides can accumulate in soybeans. The bioconcentration factor (BCF) is a metric that indicates the degree of affinity of a substance for an organism. The BCF of the fungicides azoxystrobin, cyproconazole, epoxiconazole, and pyraclostrobin in soybeans from plants grown in pots, were estimated. Estimation was performed from concentrations of fungicides observed in the soil solution and in soybeans. Soybeans were exposed to fungicides by applications of the fungicides in the soil contained in pots. The average quantified concentrations in the grain samples were 6.21 µg/kg (azoxystrobin), 45.25 µg/kg (cyproconazole) and 10.47 µg/kg (epoxiconazole). The experimental value of BCF of fungicides varied between 0.044 L/kg (azoxystrobin) and 0.175 L/kg (epoxiconazole). With the estimated BCF values, the hypothetical concentrations of the fungicides in the soil solution that could translocate in the plant and exceed the maximum residue limits (MRLs) in soybean were then estimated. These concentrations were 11.36 µg/ml (azoxystrobin), 0.82 µg/ml (cyproconazole), and 0.28 µg/ml (epoxiconazole). BCF values and the acceptable daily intake (ADI) values of fungicides allows to estimate the risk of consuming a quantity of soybeans that provides a fungicide human intake greater than the ADI.