Pakistan - Balochistan Economic Report : From Periphery to Core, Volume 2. Full Report

World Bank

Pakistan - Balochistan Economic Report : From Periphery to Core, Volume 2. Full Report

Autores

World Bank

Editor

Washington, DC

Descripción

Balochistan offers some of the best assets for development. Balochistan is generously bestowed with natural and locational resources. It possesses the largest land area of any province of Pakistan, proving vast rangeland for goats, sheep, buffaloes, cattle, camels and other livestock. Its southern border makes up about two thirds of the national coastline, giving access to a large pool of fishery resources. As a frontier province, it is ideally situated for trade with Iran, Afghanistan, Central Asia and the Persian Gulf countries. Over the last four decades, it supplied cheap natural gas to Pakistan's economic centers, supporting the country's industrialization. This report offers an empirical analysis of provincial economic development and the ways in which the provincial and federal governments, supported by donors, can help to foster it. It is organized around three topics: the stock taking of economic outcomes over the last decades; the Strategies for inclusive economic development of generating growth, delivering services, and financing development in the future; and the instruments for today's economic policies to bring about the required changes. The five main findings of the report are as follows. First, there are good reasons to be optimistic about Balochistan's development. Provincial and federal reforms, the synergies between Balochistan's and Pakistan's development agenda in the areas of energy and trade, and the strong performance of the national economy present a unique opportunity to move Balochistan from the periphery to the core of economic development to the benefit of its people. Second, in order to overcome the challenges that held back provincial development for many decades, Balochistan should pursue a development agenda around generating growth, delivering services, and financing development. This approach can make sure that Balochistan's development path is inclusive, where the gains are shared across regions and population groups. Third, generating growth requires leveraging Balochistan's resource and locational advantages, deepening its capacity for value-addition, and strengthening the foundations for business activity. Fourth, delivering services depends on improving the public administration, making devolution more effective and scaling-up of basic services with innovative approaches involving the private sector and communities. Finally, financing development relies on a prudent management of provincial expenditures, strengthening the capacity for revenue collection, and advancing fiscal devolution.

Palabras clave

ABSENTEEISM, ACCESS TO CREDIT, ACCIDENTS, ACCOUNTING, AGED, AGGLOMERATION ECONOMIES, AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT, AGRICULTURE, AVERAGE GROWTH, BASIC INFRASTRUCTURE, BETTER FAMILY HEALTH, BORDER INFRASTRUCTURE, BUS, BUS SERVICE, CALCULATIONS, CASH TRANSFERS, CHILD HEALTH, CITIZENS, CITIZENSHIP, COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE, CONGESTION, CONSTANT PRICES, CONTRIBUTION, CONTRIBUTIONS, CREDIT FACILITIES, CRIME, CROP LAND, DEBT, DECENTRALIZATION, DEPOSITS, DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, DEVELOPMENT BANK, DEVELOPMENT POLICIES, DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES, DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY, DISEQUILIBRIUM, DIVERSIFICATION, DRINKING WATER, DRIVERS, DROUGHT, DRUGS, ECONOMIC ACTIVITY, ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT, ECONOMIC EXPANSION, ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY, ECONOMIC GROWTH, ECONOMIC MANAGEMENT, ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES, ECONOMIC OUTCOMES, ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE, ECONOMIC POLICIES, ECONOMIC STRUCTURES, ECONOMIES OF SCALE, EFFECTIVE GOVERNANCE, ELASTICITIES, EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES, ETHNIC GROUPS, EXPORTS, EXTERNALITIES, FAMILY MEMBERS, FAMILY PLANNING, FARM INCOMES, FERTILITY, FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT, FINANCIAL SECTOR, FISCAL POSITIONS, FOOD SECURITY, FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS, GDP, GDP PER CAPITA, GENDER EQUALITY, GENDER GAP, GENDER GAP IN EDUCATION, GENDER RELATIONS, GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT, GOOD GOVERNANCE, GOVERNMENT INITIATIVES, GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT, GROUNDWATER, HEALTH CARE, HEALTH CENTERS, HEALTH FACILITIES, HEALTH INTERVENTIONS, HEALTH OUTCOMES, HEALTH SERVICES, HEALTH SPENDING, HEAVY RELIANCE, HIGHWAY, HIGHWAY AUTHORITY, HIGHWAY NETWORK, HOUSEHOLD INCOME, HUMAN CAPITAL, IMMUNIZATION, INCOME LEVEL, INCOME LEVELS, INCOME SECURITY, INCOME SOURCE, INCOME SOURCES, INCOMES, INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT, INDUSTRIALIZATION, INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY, INSURANCE, INTERNAL CONFLICTS, INVESTMENT CLIMATE, JOB CREATION, LABOR FORCE, LABOR MARKET, LABOR SUPPLY, LARGE CITIES, LARGE FIRMS, LARGE POPULATION, LITERACY, LIVING STANDARDS, LOCAL COMMUNITIES, LOCAL GOVERNMENTS, LOW COST, LOW INCOME, LOW INCOMES, LOW LABOR PRODUCTIVITY, M3, MACROECONOMIC STABILITY, MARKETING, MEDIUM ENTERPRISE, MIGRATION, MODERNIZATION, MORTALITY, MOTHER, NATIONAL ECONOMY, NATIONAL EXPORT, NATURAL GAS, NATURAL RESOURCE, NURSES, NUTRITIONAL STATUS, PARTICIPATION IN SOCIETY, PATIENTS, PER CAPITA INCOME, POLICE, POLICY CHANGE, POLICY MAKERS, POOR FAMILIES, POOR HEALTH, POOR HOUSEHOLDS, POOR PEOPLE, POPULATION CENSUS, POPULATION DENSITY, POPULATION GROUPS, POPULATION GROWTH, POPULATION GROWTH RATE, POPULATION GROWTH RATES, POPULATION SIZE, POPULATION STRUCTURE, PORT AUTHORITY, POVERTY REDUCTION, PRIMARY EDUCATION, PRIMARY SCHOOL, PRIMARY SCHOOL AGE, PRIMARY SCHOOLS, PRIVATE FINANCING, PRIVATE INVESTMENT, PRIVATE INVESTMENTS, PRIVATE SCHOOL, PROGRESS, PROSPERITY, PUBLIC DEBT, PUBLIC EXPENDITURES, PUBLIC HEALTH, PUBLIC INVESTMENT, PUBLIC INVESTMENTS, PUBLIC PARTNERSHIPS, PUBLIC SERVICE, PUBLIC SERVICES, PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP, PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS, PULL FACTOR, PURCHASING POWER, RAIL, RAIL INFRASTRUCTURE, REAL GDP, REFUGEES, REMITTANCES, RENTS, RESOURCE MANAGEMENT, RESPONSIBILITIES, ROAD, ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE, ROADS, ROUTE, RURAL AREAS, RURAL DEVELOPMENT, RURAL MOBILITY, RURAL POPULATION, RURAL POVERTY, RURAL ROADS, SALES, SANITATION, SAVINGS, SCHOOL ACCESS, SCHOOL ENROLMENT, SCHOOL YEAR, SELF-ESTEEM, SERVICE DELIVERY, SKILL DEVELOPMENT, SOCIAL ASSISTANCE, SOCIAL CHANGE, SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT, SOCIAL MOBILIZATION, SOCIAL POLICIES, SOCIAL PROTECTION, SOCIAL SECTORS, SOCIAL SERVICES, STOCKS, STRUCTURAL CHANGE, TAX, TAX REGIME, TAXATION, TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE, TERRORIST, THIN MARKETS, TRADE POLICIES, TRAFFIC, TRANSIT, TRANSIT TRADE, TRANSPORT, TRANSPORT COSTS, TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE, TRANSPORT INVESTMENTS, URBAN AREAS, URBAN CENTERS, URBAN DWELLERS, URBAN POPULATION, URBAN POVERTY, URBANIZATION, VALUE ADDED, WAGE, WAGES, WATER RESOURCES, WORKERS