Thailand Environment Monitor : Integrated Water Resources Management - A Way Forward
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World Bank
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Water is everyone's business.
Beside a necessity for living, water has implications on
public health and, most importantly, can cause social
conflicts. This is because water is limited, is difficult to
control, and can easily be polluted. The Integrated Water
Resource Management (IWRM) process is considered worldwide
as a means to reduce social conflicts from competing water
needs as well as to facilitate effective and sustainable
development of water resources. Effective implementation of
IWRM however will require appropriate policy, regulation,
and institutional frameworks which could facilitate
cross-sectoral dialogue and cooperation among water users. A
good example of IWRM is in the Lower Mekong River Basin.
IWRM has been adopted by the Mekong River Commission (MRC)
as a means to management water resources through the 1995
agreement, where as MRC countries are fully committed to
manage water resources. In Thailand, IWRM has been
technically recognized as a means to achieve sustainable
water resources management and the concept has been
incorporated in the national policy for more than 15 years,
however clear institutional responsibility and introduction
of the IWRM concept to local communities are relatively new.
To address the challenges on water resource management in
Thailand, particularly at the local level, stronger
leadership and commitment of the key government agencies and
effective cooperation of the water users will be important.
Palabras clave
ACCESS TO WATER, ACCOUNTABILITY TO USERS, ADEQUATE WATER, ADEQUATE WATER SUPPLY, AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES, ALLOCATION OF WATER, ANNUAL RAINFALL, ANNUAL RUNOFF, AQUACULTURE, AVAILABILITY OF WATER, BASIN DEVELOPMENT, BIOCHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMAND, BOD, CAPACITY BUILDING, CHINA SEA, CIVIL SOCIETY, CLIMATE CHANGE, CLIMATE CHANGES, CLIMATIC CONDITIONS, COLIFORM BACTERIA, CONSTRUCTION, COVERING, CUBIC METER, CUBIC METERS, DAMS, DECISION MAKING, DECISION MAKING PROCESS, DEMAND FOR ELECTRICITY, DEMAND FOR WATER, DISSOLVED OXYGEN, DOMESTIC USE, DOMESTIC WATER, DOWNSTREAM USERS, DRINKING WATER, DROUGHT, ECOSYSTEM, ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION, ENVIRONMENTAL FLOWS, ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH, ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT, ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY, EQUITABLE USE OF WATER, EVAPORATION, FARMERS, FARMING, FISHING, FLOOD MANAGEMENT, FLOOD RISK, FLOODING, FLOODS, FOOD SECURITY, FORESTRY, FRESH WATER, FRESHWATER, FRESHWATER RESOURCES, FUTURE WATER NEEDS, GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS, GLOBAL WARMING, GLOBAL WATER PARTNERSHIP, GOOD GOVERNANCE, GOOD WATER GOVERNANCE, GROUND WATER, GROUND WATER FLOWS, GROUNDWATER, GROUNDWATER IRRIGATION, GROUNDWATER USE, HOUSEHOLDS, HYDROLOGY, HYDROPOWER DEVELOPMENT, HYDROPOWER PROJECT, INDUSTRIAL SECTOR, INDUSTRIAL USES, INDUSTRIAL WATER, INDUSTRIAL WATER USE, INVESTMENT DECISIONS, IRRIGATION SYSTEMS, LAKE BASINS, LAND USE, LAND USE CHANGE, LARGE RESERVOIRS, LOCAL CAPACITY, LOCAL COMMUNITIES, LOCAL COMMUNITY, LOCAL OWNERSHIP, LOCAL STAKEHOLDERS, LOW TIDE, MANAGEMENT OF WATER, MANGROVE, MARSH, MUNICIPALITIES, NATIONAL WATER RESOURCES, NATURAL RESOURCES, PIPED WATER, POLLUTION, POLLUTION CONTROL, POOR WATER QUALITY, POPULATION GROWTH, POTABLE WATER, PRESSURE, PROGRAMS, PROVINCIAL WATER, PROVISION OF WATER, PROVISION OF WATER SUPPLY, PROVISION OF WATER SUPPLY SERVICES, PUBLIC HEALTH, QUALITY OF WATER, QUALITY WATER, RAIN, RAINWATER, RAW WATER, RESERVOIRS, RIPARIAN, RIPARIAN COUNTRIES, RIVER BASIN, RIVER BASIN COMMITTEE, RIVER BASIN MANAGEMENT, RIVER BASINS, RIVER WATER, RIVERS, RUNOFF, RURAL WATER, SAFE WATER, SCARCITY OF WATER, SEA, SEA WATER, SMALL WATERSHED, SOIL FERTILITY, SOILS, SOURCES OF WATER, STORAGE CAPACITY, SUBSIDENCE, SURFACE WATER, SUSTAINABLE USE, SUSTAINABLE WATER, SUSTAINABLE WATER MANAGEMENT, TRANSPARENCY, TREATIES, TREATMENT PLANTS, URBAN AREAS, URBAN DWELLERS, USE OF WATER, WASTE WATER, WASTE WATER TREATMENT, WASTEWATER, WASTEWATER DISCHARGE, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, WATER ALLOCATIONS, WATER AUTHORITY, WATER AVAILABILITY, WATER BODIES, WATER CHEMISTRY, WATER CONSERVATION, WATER CYCLE, WATER DEMAND, WATER DEVELOPMENT, WATER EVAPORATION, WATER EXTRACTION, WATER FLOWS, WATER GOVERNANCE, WATER INFRASTRUCTURE, WATER LAW, WATER LEGISLATION, WATER LOSS, WATER MANAGEMENT, WATER MANAGERS, WATER NEED, WATER POLLUTION, WATER POLLUTION CONTROL, WATER PROVIDERS, WATER QUALITY, WATER RESERVOIRS, WATER RESOURCE, WATER RESOURCE MANAGEMENT, WATER RESOURCES, WATER RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT, WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT, WATER RESOURCES PLANNING, WATER RIGHTS, WATER SCHEME, WATER SCHEMES, WATER SECTOR, WATER SERVICES, WATER SHORTAGE, WATER SHORTAGES, WATER SOURCE, WATER STORAGE, WATER SUPPLY, WATER SUPPLY SERVICE, WATER SUPPLY SERVICES, WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM, WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS, WATER SYSTEM, WATER USAGE, WATER USE, WATER USER, WATER USERS, WATER USES, WATERFLOWS, WATERSHED, WATERSHED MANAGEMENT, WATERSHEDS, WELL BEING, WELLS, WETLANDS