Antioxidant and starch-hydrolyzing enzymes inhibitory properties of Striga-resistant yellow-orange maize hybrids

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dc.creatorElemosho, A.O.
dc.creatorIrondi, E.A.
dc.creatorAlamu, Emmanuel Oladeji
dc.creatorAjani, E.O.
dc.creatorMenkir, A.
dc.creatorMaziya-Dixon, Busie
dc.date2021
dc.date2022-03-30T15:28:48Z
dc.date2022-03-30T15:28:48Z
dc.date.accessioned2026-06-27T15:58:52Z
dc.descriptionMost of the health benefits derived from cereals are attributed to their bioactive compounds. This study evaluated the levels of the bioactive compounds, and the antioxidant and starch-hydrolyzing enzymes inhibitory properties of six pipeline Striga-resistant yellow-orange maize hybrids (coded AS1828-1, 4, 6, 8, 9, 11) in vitro. The maize hybrids were grown at the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Nigeria. The bioactive compounds (total phenolics, tannins, flavonoids, and phytate) levels, antioxidant (DPPH• and ABTS•+ scavenging capacity and reducing power) and starch-hydrolyzing enzymes (α-amylase and α-glucosidase) inhibitory activities of the maize hybrids were determined by spectrophotometry. At the same time, carotenoids were quantified using a reverse-phase HPLC system. The ranges of the bioactive compounds were: 11.25–14.14 mg GAE/g (total phenolics), 3.62–4.67 mg QE/g (total flavonoids), 3.63–6.29 mg/g (tannins), 3.66–4.31% (phytate), 8.92–12.11 µg/g (total xanthophylls), 2.42–2.89 µg/g (total β-carotene), and 3.17–3.77 µg/g (total provitamin A carotenoids). Extracts of the maize hybrids scavenged DPPH• (SC50: 9.07–26.35 mg/mL) and ABTS•+ (2.65–7.68 TEAC mmol/g), reduced Fe3+ to Fe2+ (0.25 ± 0.64–0.43 ± 0.01 mg GAE/g), and inhibited α-amylase and α-glucosidase, with IC50 ranges of 26.28–52.55 mg/mL and 47.72–63.98 mg/mL, respectively. Among the six clones of the maize hybrids, AS1828-9 had the highest (p < 0.05) levels of tannins and phytate and the strongest antioxidant and starch-hydrolyzing enzymes inhibitory activities. Significant correlations were observed between total phenolics and the following: ABTS•+ (p < 0.01, r = 0.757), DPPH• SC50 (p < 0.01, r = −0.867), reducing power (p < 0.05, r = 0.633), α-amylase IC50 (p < 0.01, r = −0.836) and α-glucosidase IC50 (p < 0.05, r = −0.582). Hence, the Striga-resistant yellow-orange maize hybrids (especially AS1828-9) may be beneficial for alleviating oxidative stress and postprandial hyperglycemia.
dc.formatapplication/pdf
dc.identifierhttps://hdl.handle.net/10568/119182
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/123456789/119148
dc.languageen
dc.publisherMDPI
dc.rightsOpen Access
dc.sourceElemosho, A.O., Irondi, E.A., Alamu, E.O., Ajani, E.O., Menkir, A. & Maziya-Dixon, B. (2021). Antioxidant and starch-hydrolyzing enzymes inhibitory properties of striga-resistant yellow-orange maize hybrids. Molecules, 26(22), 1-13.
dc.subjectmaize
dc.subjectphenolic
dc.subjectflavonoids
dc.subjecttannins
dc.subjectcarotenoids
dc.subjectphytic acid
dc.subjectalpha glucosidase
dc.subjectalpha amylase
dc.titleAntioxidant and starch-hydrolyzing enzymes inhibitory properties of Striga-resistant yellow-orange maize hybrids
dc.typeJournal Article

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Instituto Internacional de Agricultura Tropical (IITA)