Trade liberalization and market integration of ASEAN’s agri-food systems
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International Food Policy Research Institute
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This report makes a comprehensive assessment of ASEAN’s inter- and interregional agricultural trade using a coherent framework. We estimate the ad valorem equivalents (AVEs) of non-tariff measures with the gravity model approach (Kee, 2006; Mao et al., 2023) and add them on top of tariff rates to evaluate the overall degree of trade barriers both within and outside the region. Using the CEPII-BACI database covering the period of 1996 and 2021, we then describe the scale and structure of ASEAN’s intra- and inter-regional agricultural trade with a focus on market and product dimensions. The specific trade performance of ASEAN with major outside partners and of the key AMS are examined in details. Finally, we evaluate the overall export competitiveness of ASEAN’s agricultural products in the world using the revealed comparative advantage index and their relative competitiveness in China, the region’s largest export market, with the import penetration index (Mao and Zhang, 2015).
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trade liberalization, markets, agrifood systems, trade, agricultural trade