Migration, Sex Bias, and Child Growth in Rural Pakistan

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dc.creatorMansuri, Ghazala
dc.date2012-06-19T15:45:10Z
dc.date2012-06-19T15:45:10Z
dc.date2006-06
dc.date.accessioned2026-07-01T00:51:44Z
dc.descriptionTemporary economic migration is undertaken largely in response to resource constraints. This is evident in the volume of remittances sent back by migrants to their families of origin. In agricultural settings, where those left behind are likely to face considerable exposure to uninsured income risk, such resource flows should translate into better risk bearing capacity. In this paper the author takes up this question by asking whether economic migration allows households to avoid costly risk coping strategies. She focuses on early child growth since there is considerable epidemiological evidence that very young children are particularly vulnerable to shocks that lead to growth faltering, with substantial long-term health consequences. The data come from rural Pakistan, where, as in the rest of Asia, son preference is substantial and there are large gender gaps in most developmental outcomes. As such, the interest is in examining also whether migration-induced resource flows allow households to extend better nutrition and health care protection to girls. Recent work on the intra-household allocation of resources and risk has also shown that gender differences in the relative burden of risk may be important and that the allocation of resources to daughters is often one margin along which poor households adjust to uninsurable transitory income shocks. After accounting for selection into migration, the results indicate that migration has a substantially larger positive impact on growth outcomes for young girls. And the growth advantage is sustained among older girls, suggesting potential intergenerational benefits of averting nutritional and other health shocks for girls in early childhood. These results are further validated by restricting the sample to migrant households and comparing the growth outcomes of siblings before and after migration.
dc.formatapplication/pdf
dc.formattext/plain
dc.identifierhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2006/06/6871759/migration-sex-bias-child-growth-rural-pakistan
dc.identifierhttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/8423
dc.identifierhttps://doi.org/10.1596/1813-9450-3946
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/123456789/412099
dc.languageEnglish
dc.publisherWorld Bank, Washington, DC
dc.relationPolicy Research Working Paper; No. 3946
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rightshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.rightsWorld Bank
dc.subjectADULTHOOD
dc.subjectBIRTH WEIGHTS
dc.subjectCARE SERVICES
dc.subjectCHILD CARE
dc.subjectCHILD HEALTH
dc.subjectCHILD NUTRITION
dc.subjectCOUNTRY GENDER ASSESSMENT
dc.subjectCULTURAL CHANGE
dc.subjectDEMOGRAPHY
dc.subjectDISCRIMINATION
dc.subjectDISTRICTS
dc.subjectEDUCATION
dc.subjectEPIDEMIOLOGICAL EVIDENCE
dc.subjectEXERCISES
dc.subjectEXTENDED FAMILY
dc.subjectFAMILIES
dc.subjectFEMALE MORTALITY
dc.subjectFOOD INTAKE
dc.subjectGENDER
dc.subjectGENDER BIAS
dc.subjectGENDER DIFFERENCES
dc.subjectGENDER GAPS
dc.subjectGIRLS
dc.subjectHEALTH
dc.subjectHEALTH CARE
dc.subjectHEALTH FACILITY
dc.subjectHEALTH INTERVENTIONS
dc.subjectHEALTH OUTCOMES
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLDS
dc.subjectIDENTITY
dc.subjectINEQUALITY
dc.subjectINFECTIONS
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL MIGRANTS
dc.subjectLABOR FORCE
dc.subjectLAND OWNERSHIP
dc.subjectLANDOWNERSHIP
dc.subjectMALE MIGRANTS
dc.subjectMARRIED MALE
dc.subjectMATERNAL MORTALITY
dc.subjectMIGRANT
dc.subjectMIGRANT HOUSEHOLDS
dc.subjectMIGRANTS
dc.subjectMIGRATION
dc.subjectMIGRATION EXPERIENCE
dc.subjectMIGRATION STATUS
dc.subjectMORBIDITY
dc.subjectMORTALITY
dc.subjectMORTALITY RISKS
dc.subjectNUTRITION
dc.subjectNUTRITIONAL STATUS
dc.subjectOLDER CHILDREN
dc.subjectOLDER GIRLS
dc.subjectPOWER
dc.subjectPUBLIC HEALTH
dc.subjectREMITTANCE
dc.subjectREMITTANCES
dc.subjectRURAL HOUSEHOLDS
dc.subjectSEX
dc.subjectSIBLINGS
dc.subjectSOCIAL NETWORKS
dc.subjectSON PREFERENCE
dc.subjectUNEMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectVILLAGES
dc.subjectYOUNG GIRLS
dc.subjectYOUNGER GIRLS
dc.titleMigration, Sex Bias, and Child Growth in Rural Pakistan

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