Preliminary studies on the effects of animal manure on bacterial disease of fish
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Although China has a long history of utilizing animal manure for fish farming, little is known about its effect on environmental sanitation. It is well known that animal manure fertilizes pond water and helps increase fish production. However, it may give rise to pathogenic microorganisms and parasites and cause water pollution. It has been observed that the use of animal manure increases the possibility of transfer of the parasites of pathegenes to humans. Studies have been undertaken to observ e the relationship between fish-livestock farming system and the health of human beings in the Philippines and the United States, but little is known about the effects of animal manure on bacterial diseases in fish. Freshwater fish in China suffer most commonly from bacterial diseases such as Albinoderma, Erythroderma, Furunculosis, Stigtomatosis and verticle-scale disease, caused by Aeromonas and Psecudomonas. This study deals deals mainly with the possible effect of manure application : on bac terial diseases of fish particularly caused by Aeromonas sp. and Pseudomonas sp. Also observations were made on the occurrence of these bacteria in the manure, in pond water and in fish skin mucus.