Gender gap in agricultural labour productivity: A cross-country comparison
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Women in sub-Saharan Africa constitute almost half of the agricultural workforce, yet they are limited in their ability to access productive resources, such as land, water, improved seeds and fertilizers, and are subjected to discriminatory practices that hinder their productivity. While previous research has consistently identified a significant gender gap in land productivity, the literature lacks a comprehensive understanding of the gender gap in agricultural labour productivity. This paper's findings reveal varying gender gaps across the sampled countries, ranging from 47 percent in Nigeria and the United Republic of Tanzania to 2 percent in Ethiopia, which is the only country with no significant gender gap in labour productivity. On average, the gender gap amounts to 35 percent, with the largest portion (27 percent) attributed to the endowment effect. This background paper was prepared to inform Chapter 2 of FAO’s report on The status of women in agrifood systems.