Ukraine : Soil Fertility to Strengthen Climate Resilience
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World Bank, Washington, DC and FAO, Rome
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Ukraine is renowned as the breadbasket
of Europe thanks to its black soils ( Chernozem black
because of the high organic matter content) which offer
exceptional agronomic conditions. One-third of the worldwide
stock of the fertile black soils, which cover more than half
of Ukraine s arable land, a large variety of climatic zones,
and favourable temperature and moisture regimes, offers
attractive conditions for the production of a large range of
crops including cereals and oilseeds. Ukraine s proximity to
large and growing neighbouring markets the Russian
Federation and the European Union and access to deep sea
ports at the Black Sea, provide direct access to world
markets, especially large grain importers in the Middle East
and North Africa.
Palabras clave
ABSORPTION, ACIDIFICATION, ACIDITY, AFFORESTATION, AGRIBUSINESS, AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISE, AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES, AGRICULTURAL LAND, AGRICULTURAL LANDS, AGRICULTURAL MODERNIZATION, AGRICULTURAL POLICIES, AGRICULTURAL PRACTICES, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY, AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGY, AGRICULTURE, AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION, AGROCHEMICALS, AGROFORESTRY, AGROMETEOROLOGY, AGRONOMIST, AGRONOMY, AIR, AIR TEMPERATURE, ARABLE LAND, ATMOSPHERIC CARBON, AVERAGE YIELDS, BARLEY, BASES, BIODIVERSITY, BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY, BIOLOGICAL PROCESSES, BLACK CARBON, BUCKWHEAT, BULK DENSITY, BUSINESS AS USUAL SCENARIO, CALCULATION, CARBON CONTENT, CARBON DIOXIDE, CARBON EMISSIONS, CARBON MARKETS, CARBON RETENTION, CARBON SEQUESTRATION, CATION EXCHANGE, CATION EXCHANGE CAPACITY, CATTLE, CEREAL GRAINS, CEREALS, CGIAR, CHEMISTRY, CHEMISTRY RESEARCH, CIMMYT, CLAY SOILS, CLIMATE, CLIMATE CHANGE, CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION, CLIMATIC CONDITIONS, CLIMATIC VARIABILITY, CLIMATIC ZONES, CO, CO2, COARSE GRAINS, COLORS, CONSULTATIVE GROUP ON INTERNATIONAL AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH, CONTINUOUS CROPPING, CONVENTIONAL TILLAGE, CORN, COVER CROPS, CROP, CROP AREAS, CROP LAND, CROP LANDS, CROP MANAGEMENT, CROP PRODUCTION, CROP PRODUCTION SYSTEMS, CROP RESEARCH, CROP RESIDUE, CROP RESIDUES, CROP ROTATION, CROP SPECIES, CROP TYPES, CROP VARIETIES, CROP YIELD, CROP YIELDS, CROPLAND, CROPLANDS, CROPPING, CROPPING SYSTEM, CROPPING SYSTEMS, CROPS, DAM, DECIDUOUS FORESTS, DEGRADED SOILS, DESERTIFICATION, DRAINAGE, DROUGHT, DROUGHT RESISTANCE, DUST, ECOLOGICAL ZONES, EMISSION, EMISSION REDUCTION, EMISSIONS, ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS, ERODED SOILS, EROSION CONTROL, EVAPORATION, EVAPOTRANSPIRATION, FALLOWING, FAO, FARM, FARM PRODUCTIVITY, FARMERS, FARMING, FARMING SYSTEMS, FARMLAND, FARMS, FEED, FERTILIZATION, FERTILIZERS, FLOOD CONTROL, FLORA, FODDER CROPS, FOOD PRODUCTION, FOOD SECURITY, FOREST, FOREST CLEARANCE, FOREST LANDS, FOREST ZONES, FOREST-STEPPE, FORESTRY, FORESTS, FOSSIL FUEL, FRAMEWORK CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE, FUEL CONSUMPTION, FUEL USE, GCM, GEOPHYSICS, GHG, GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL FACILITY, GRAIN, GRAIN PRODUCTION, GREENHOUSE, GREENHOUSE GAS, GREENHOUSE GASES, HERBICIDES, HUMIDITY, INDUSTRIAL CROPS, INDUSTRIAL WASTE, INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT, INTERCROPPING, INTERNATIONAL MAIZE AND WHEAT IMPROVEMENT CENTER, IPCC, IRD, IRRIGATION, LAND DEGRADATION, LAND MANAGEMENT, LAND RESOURCES, LAND USE, LAND USE CHANGE, LARGE FARMS, LIVESTOCK, LIVESTOCK SYSTEMS, MAIZE, MANURE, MILLET, MOISTURE RETENTION, MULCH COVER, MULCHING, NATIVE VEGETATION, NATURAL BIOLOGICAL, NATURAL REGENERATION, NATURAL RESOURCES, NATURAL RESOURCES MANAGEMENT, NEGATIVE IMPACT, NEGATIVE IMPACTS, NITRIFICATION, NITROGEN, NUTRIENT DEPLETION, OATS, OIL SEEDS, OILSEED, OILSEEDS, ORGANIC FARMING, ORGANIC FERTILIZERS, ORGANIC MATTER, OVERGRAZING, PARTICLES, PASTURES, PEST CONTROL, PESTICIDES, PHOSPHORUS, PINEAPPLE, PLANT NUTRIENTS, PLANT SCIENCES, PLANTING, POLLUTION, POTASSIUM, POTATO, PP, PRECIPITATION, PRICE VOLATILITY, PRODUCTION COSTS, RAINFALL, RAINWATER, RICE, ROOTS, RURAL DEVELOPMENT, RYE, SEED VARIETIES, SOIL CARBON, SOIL COMPACTION, SOIL CONSERVATION, SOIL DEGRADATION, SOIL DEPTH, SOIL EROSION, SOIL FERTILITY, SOIL HEALTH, SOIL MANAGEMENT, SOIL MOISTURE, SOIL POROSITY, SOIL PROFILE, SOIL PROTECTION, SOIL QUALITY, SOIL SCIENCES, SOIL SOLUTION, SOIL STRUCTURE, SOIL SURFACE, SOIL TAXONOMY, SOIL TEXTURE, SOIL TILLAGE, SOILS, SPRING, SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE, TECHNOLOGY ADOPTION, TEMPERATURE, THE CONSULTATIVE GROUP, TREES, TROPICS, UNDERGROUND WATER, UNITED NATIONS, UNITED NATIONS DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME, UNITED NATIONS ENVIRONMENT PROGRAMME, WATER EROSION, WATERSHED, WEED CONTROL, WHEAT, WHEAT CROP, WHEAT YIELDS, WIND, WIND EROSION, WINTER BARLEY, WINTER WHEAT, YIELD REDUCTION