Phenols, flavonoids and antioxidant activity of aqueous and methanolic extracts of propolis (Apis mellifera L.) from Algarve, South Portugal
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Sociedade Brasileira de Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos
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Propolis is a resinous substance collected by honeybees to seal honeycomb, which has been used in folk medicine due to itsantimicrobial and antioxidant properties. In the present study, water and methanol were used to extract phenols and flavonoidsfrom propolis collected in thirteen different areas in the Algarve region during the winter and spring. The ABTS•+, DPPH•,and O2•-scavenging capacity, and metal chelating activity were also evaluated in the propolis samples. Methanol was moreeffective than water in extracting total phenols (2.93-8.76 mg/mL) (0.93-2.81 mg/mL). Flavones and flavonols were also betterextracted with methanol (1.28-2.76 mg/mL) than with water (0.031-0.019 mg/mL). The free radical scavenging activity, ABTS(IC50=0.006-0.036 mg/mL), DPPH (IC50=0.007-0.069 mg/mL) and superoxide (IC50=0.001-0.053 mg/mL), of the samples wasalso higher in methanolic extracts. The capacity for chelating metal ions was higher in aqueous extracts (41.11-82.35%) thanin the methanolic ones (4.33-29.68%). Propolis from three locations of Algarve region were richer in phenols and had bettercapacity for scavenging free ABTS and DPPH radicals than the remaining samples. These places are part of a specific zone ofAlgarve known as Barrocal.
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