Gender-Based Violence Country Profile
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Washington, DC: World Bank
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Haiti is a Caribbean country with a
population of approximately 11 million people, 50.4 % of
whom are female. Haiti’s progress in economic and social
development has been impeded by persistent political
instability, surging violence, and record-high levels of
insecurity, all of which amplify its fragility. In the Latin
America and the Caribbean (LAC) region, Haiti remains the
poorest country and one of the poorest in the world, with a
GNI per capita of US$1,420 in 2021, the lowest in the LAC
region compared to the average of US$15,092. The country
ranked 163rd out of 191 nations on the UN’s Human
Development Index in 2021. In the midst of the ongoing
political and institutional turmoil, compounded by exposure
to natural hazards and gangs fighting for control of
business areas, the economy has shrunk by 1.7% in 2019, 3.3%
in 2020,1.8% in 2021, and 1.7% in 2022, declining for four
years in a row. This has resulted in poverty reduction gains
being erased, and the lack of progress in critical areas
essential for poverty reduction has negatively affected
household incomes throughout the country. For instance, as
of December 2021, 65% of households experienced a decline in
their income compared to pre-pandemic levels, suggesting
that the already high poverty rate has likely increased.
Haiti also has one of the highest levels of inequality in
the region, mainly because two-thirds of the poor live in
rural areas where unfavorable agricultural conditions create
a welfare gap between urban and rural regions. Haiti is
among the world’s most vulnerable countries to natural
disasters, including hurricanes, floods, and earthquakes,
which affect more than 96% of the population. On August 14,
2021, a magnitude 7.2 earthquake struck the southern region
of Haiti, where approximately 1.6 million people reside. The
epicenter was located roughly 12 km northeast of
Saint-Louis-du-Sud, about 125 km west of the capital, Port-au-Prince.
Palabras clave
GENDER BASED VIOLENCE, VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN AND GIRLS, COVID-19, POLITICAL INSTABILITY, FRAGILITY