Strengthening Capacities to Contain and Manage Fusarium Oxysporum F.Sp. Cubense Tropical Race 4 on Bananas in Lebanon - TCP/LEB/3803
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Banana Fusarium wilt disease, one of the most destructive diseases of banana, is caused by the soil-borne fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc). In the 1950s, the epidemic caused by Race 1 of the pathogen wiped out the banana industry in Central America and the Caribbean. The effects of Foc Race 1 were overcome by a shift to resistant Cavendish cultivars, which are widely found in markets today and are the source of 99 percent of banana exports. Symptoms of Fusarium wilt appeared in bananas from the Cavendish group in 1967 in Taiwan and the strain was identified in 1994 as a new race, Tropical Race 4 (TR4). Subsequently, Foc TR4 spread throughout South-east Asia, reaching the Middle East in 2013 and being reported in 27 countries, where it caused serious economic losses. It was expected that, by 2028, the disease would lead to a loss of an estimated 160 000 ha globally and the loss of direct employment for approximately 240 000 banana workers.