Diversification, Innovation, and Imitation inside the Global Technological Frontier

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dc.creatorKlinger, Bailey
dc.creatorLederman, Daniel
dc.date2012-06-21T21:41:54Z
dc.date2012-06-21T21:41:54Z
dc.date2006-04
dc.date.accessioned2026-07-01T01:26:47Z
dc.descriptionRecent research highlights the relationship between economic development and productive diversification, which may be hindered by market failures. After identifying stages of diversification in disaggregated export data, the authors develop a metric for the flows of export "discoveries," or inside-the-frontier innovations in developing countries. They then explore the empirical relationship between economic development and (1) inside-the-frontier-innovation as reflected by the introduction of new export products, (2) export diversification measured by an index of export-revenue concentration, and (3) on-the-frontier innovation as reflected in patents. The data suggest, unsurprisingly, that inside-the-frontier innovation is more common among poor countries than among industrial economies. Overall export diversification increases at low levels of development but declines with development after a high-income point, whereas patenting activity rises exponentially with development. The data also suggest that the relationship between the frequency of export discoveries and economic development is not due to changes in the industrial composition of exports. The authors use a simple model of innovation and imitation to test the hypothesis that the threat of imitation inhibits the discovery of new exports. Econometric evidence suggests that the frequency of export discoveries across countries rises with the returns of export activities (proxied by exogenous export growth during the sample period), but the magnitude of this effect increases with barriers to entry. The count-data estimations deal with unobserved international heterogeneity, and the results are robust to various changes in the specification of the empirical model. This finding supports the hypothesis that market failures inhibit inside-the-frontier innovation.
dc.formatapplication/pdf
dc.formattext/plain
dc.identifierhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2006/04/6682641/diversification-innovation-imitation-inside-global-technological-frontier
dc.identifierhttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/8735
dc.identifierhttps://doi.org/10.1596/1813-9450-3872
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/123456789/418165
dc.languageEnglish
dc.publisherWorld Bank, Washington, DC
dc.relationPolicy Research Working Paper; No. 3872
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rightshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.rightsWorld Bank
dc.subjectABSOLUTE VALUE
dc.subjectAGRICULTURE
dc.subjectANNUAL GROWTH
dc.subjectANNUAL GROWTH RATE
dc.subjectBARRIER
dc.subjectBARRIERS TO ENTRY
dc.subjectBUSINESS ECONOMICS
dc.subjectCHANNEL
dc.subjectCOMMERCIAL POLICY
dc.subjectCOMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE
dc.subjectCOUNTRY LEVEL
dc.subjectDEPENDENT VARIABLE
dc.subjectDESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS
dc.subjectDEVELOPING COUNTRIES
dc.subjectDEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS
dc.subjectDEVELOPMENT REPORT
dc.subjectDEVELOPMENT STRATEGY
dc.subjectDIVERSIFICATION
dc.subjectECONOMETRICS
dc.subjectECONOMIC ACTIVITIES
dc.subjectECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectECONOMIC EFFICIENCY
dc.subjectECONOMICS RESEARCH
dc.subjectEMPIRICAL EVIDENCE
dc.subjectEMPIRICAL MODEL
dc.subjectEMPIRICAL MODELS
dc.subjectEMPIRICAL REGULARITIES
dc.subjectESTIMATED COEFFICIENTS
dc.subjectESTIMATION RESULTS
dc.subjectEXCHANGE RATES
dc.subjectEXPECTED RETURNS
dc.subjectEXPLANATORY VARIABLES
dc.subjectEXPORT
dc.subjectEXPORT DIVERSIFICATION
dc.subjectEXPORT GROWTH
dc.subjectEXPORTS
dc.subjectFACTOR ENDOWMENTS
dc.subjectFUNCTIONAL FORM
dc.subjectFUTURE RESEARCH
dc.subjectGDP
dc.subjectGDP PER CAPITA
dc.subjectGROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT
dc.subjectGROWTH POLICIES
dc.subjectGROWTH POLICY
dc.subjectGROWTH RATE
dc.subjectGROWTH RATES
dc.subjectINCOME
dc.subjectINCOME LEVELS
dc.subjectINDUSTRIAL ECONOMICS
dc.subjectINDUSTRIAL POLICY
dc.subjectINDUSTRIALIZATION
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL TRADE
dc.subjectINVESTMENT CLIMATE
dc.subjectMARGINAL EFFECT
dc.subjectMARKET FAILURE
dc.subjectMARKET FAILURES
dc.subjectMERCHANDISE
dc.subjectMERCHANDISE EXPORTS
dc.subjectMERCHANDISE TRADE
dc.subjectMIDDLE EAST
dc.subjectNEGATIVE EFFECT
dc.subjectNET EXPORTS
dc.subjectPATENTS
dc.subjectPOINT ESTIMATE
dc.subjectPOLICY IMPLICATIONS
dc.subjectPOLICY RESEARCH
dc.subjectPOOR COUNTRIES
dc.subjectPRODUCTION COSTS
dc.subjectPROFITABILITY
dc.subjectPROGRAMS
dc.subjectPROPERTY RIGHTS
dc.subjectRANGE
dc.subjectREGRESSION ANALYSIS
dc.subjectSAFETY
dc.subjectSAFETY STANDARDS
dc.subjectSIGNIFICANT EFFECT
dc.subjectSMALL BUSINESS
dc.subjectSPUR
dc.subjectSTANDARD DEVIATION
dc.subjectUPPER
dc.titleDiversification, Innovation, and Imitation inside the Global Technological Frontier

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