Climate-Smart Agriculture and resource tenure in Sub-Saharan Africa: a conceptual framework
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Though many studies document the positive impacts of various climate-smart agricultural (CSA) practices on crop yields, adoption of such practices remains limited in many areas in sub-Saharan Africa. A number of barriers to adoption have been identified, with many researchers noting the importance of property rights systems and tenure insecurity in particular. Nonetheless, few papers document the pathways by which current property rights and tenure security affect the adoption of CSA, or how alt ering either the bundle of property rights or the degree of tenure security over each piece of the bundle can lead to increased adoption of CSA. In this paper, we first discuss key characteristics of four CSA practices related to sustainable land management. We then lay out a conceptual framework for evaluating the pathways by which expanding property rights and strengthening tenure security affects incentives to adopt technologies broadly, and then apply the framework to each of the four CSA pr actices.