China Early Child Development : Early Childhood Education in Yunnan

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dc.creatorWorld Bank
dc.date2014-02-11T23:38:44Z
dc.date2014-02-11T23:38:44Z
dc.date2013-11-18
dc.date.accessioned2026-07-01T00:46:51Z
dc.descriptionYunnan is a medium-sized and relatively poor Chinese province on the southwestern border of China. In 2012, the Yunnan department of education formally requested Bank support in conducting a review of early childhood education policies and programs in order to gain an in-depth and evidence-based understanding of the challenges the province faces in expanding early childhood education-in particular to rural and mountainous regions. The Bank's China education team embarked on raising funds, designing and implementing a rather elaborate research agenda around early childhood education. The goal was to investigate key challenges, and to propose policy interventions for expanding the Early Child Development (ECD) coverage in rural Yunnan. This report presents the findings from the background studies, and draws potential policy implications for improving the access to and quality of preschool education in Yunnan province. China has now almost achieved universal 9-year basic education. Over the last decade, the country has devoted increasing attention to policy development in early childhood education. Even though China does not yet have a specific early childhood education law, it has established a rather elaborate set of guidelines and regulations pertaining to early childhood education. Early childhood education has expanded significantly within the last few years. There are two main types of preschool programs for 3-6 year olds including: a regular 3-year program which is called kindergarten, and a one-year program attached usually to primary schools. The rapid growth of preschool teacher supply has contributed to the drop in pupil-teacher ratios across the nation. In Yunnan in particular, the ratio has decreased from approximately 30 to 20 in recent years. However, urban areas still enjoy a more favorable pupil-teacher ratio, as well as a higher proportion of qualified teachers compared to rural areas. Rural areas account for 50 percent of total preschool enrollment, but only 22 percent of all trained teachers serve in rural areas.
dc.formatapplication/pdf
dc.formattext/plain
dc.identifierhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2013/11/18679171/china-early-child-development-early-childhood-education-yunnan
dc.identifierhttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/17004
dc.identifierhttps://doi.org/10.1596/17004
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/123456789/410886
dc.languageEnglish
dc.languageen_US
dc.publisherWashington, DC
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rightshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.subjectACCESS TO PRESCHOOL
dc.subjectACHIEVEMENTS
dc.subjectANNUAL FEES
dc.subjectAVERAGE EDUCATIONAL LEVEL
dc.subjectBASIC EDUCATION
dc.subjectBASIC EDUCATION SECTOR
dc.subjectBIRTH RATES
dc.subjectBIRTH WEIGHT
dc.subjectCAI
dc.subjectCAREER COUNSELING
dc.subjectCAREER LADDER
dc.subjectCAREER OPPORTUNITIES
dc.subjectCAREGIVERS
dc.subjectCHILD CARE
dc.subjectCHILD EDUCATION
dc.subjectCHILD HEALTH
dc.subjectCHILD PROTECTION
dc.subjectCHILDHOOD DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectCHILDREARING PRACTICES
dc.subjectCLASSROOM
dc.subjectCLASSROOM ENVIRONMENT
dc.subjectCOGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectCOGNITIVE SKILLS
dc.subjectCOGNITIVE STIMULATION
dc.subjectCOMPULSORY BASIC EDUCATION
dc.subjectCOMPULSORY EDUCATION
dc.subjectCOURSE STRUCTURE
dc.subjectDISADVANTAGED CHILDREN
dc.subjectEARLY CHILD DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectEARLY CHILDHOOD
dc.subjectEARLY CHILDHOOD DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectEARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION
dc.subjectEARLY CHILDHOOD ENVIRONMENT RATING SCALE
dc.subjectEARLY EDUCATION
dc.subjectEARLY INTERVENTIONS
dc.subjectEARLY READING
dc.subjectEARLY STIMULATION
dc.subjectECD
dc.subjectECD POLICIES
dc.subjectECERS
dc.subjectEDUCATION DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectEDUCATION FOR CHILDREN
dc.subjectEDUCATION INSTITUTIONS
dc.subjectEDUCATION LAW
dc.subjectEDUCATION LEVEL
dc.subjectEDUCATION MANAGEMENT
dc.subjectEDUCATION POLICIES
dc.subjectEDUCATION PROGRAMS
dc.subjectEDUCATION PROJECTS
dc.subjectEDUCATION SERVICES
dc.subjectEDUCATION SYSTEM
dc.subjectEDUCATION TARGETS
dc.subjectEDUCATION TEACHERS
dc.subjectEDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT
dc.subjectEDUCATIONAL BUDGET
dc.subjectEDUCATIONAL EFFECTIVENESS
dc.subjectEDUCATIONAL ENROLLMENT
dc.subjectEDUCATIONAL LEVELS
dc.subjectEDUCATIONAL MATERIALS
dc.subjectEDUCATIONAL OUTCOMES
dc.subjectEDUCATIONAL PERFORMANCE
dc.subjectEDUCATIONAL REFORM
dc.subjectEDUCATIONAL RESEARCH
dc.subjectEDUCATIONAL TELEVISION
dc.subjectEDUCATORS
dc.subjectELEMENTARY SCHOOL
dc.subjectEMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectENROLLMENT
dc.subjectENROLLMENT RATE
dc.subjectETHNIC DIVERSITY
dc.subjectETHNIC GROUPS
dc.subjectETHNIC MINORITIES
dc.subjectETHNIC MINORITY
dc.subjectFORMAL LEARNING
dc.subjectFREE PUBLIC EDUCATION
dc.subjectGENDER
dc.subjectGER
dc.subjectGROSS ENROLLMENT
dc.subjectGROSS ENROLLMENT RATE
dc.subjectGROSS ENROLLMENT RATIO
dc.subjectHEAD TEACHERS
dc.subjectHEALTH EDUCATION
dc.subjectHEALTH PROVIDERS
dc.subjectHIGH SCHOOL
dc.subjectHOME VISITS
dc.subjectHOMEWORK
dc.subjectHUMAN DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectILLITERACY
dc.subjectINFANTS
dc.subjectINSTRUCTION
dc.subjectINTERVENTIONS
dc.subjectKINDERGARTEN
dc.subjectKINDERGARTEN CLASSES
dc.subjectKINDERGARTEN TEACHERS
dc.subjectKINDERGARTENS
dc.subjectLEARNING
dc.subjectLEARNING ACTIVITIES
dc.subjectLEARNING MATERIALS
dc.subjectLEARNING OPPORTUNITIES
dc.subjectLEARNING PRACTICES
dc.subjectLEGAL STATUS
dc.subjectLEVEL OF EDUCATION
dc.subjectMATERNAL EDUCATION
dc.subjectMIDDLE SCHOOL
dc.subjectMINORITY LANGUAGES
dc.subjectNATIONAL PRIMARY EDUCATION
dc.subjectNUMBER OF STUDENTS
dc.subjectNUMBER OF TEACHERS
dc.subjectNUTRITION
dc.subjectOLDER CHILDREN
dc.subjectPARENTAL EDUCATION
dc.subjectPARENTING
dc.subjectPARENTING EDUCATION
dc.subjectPEDAGOGY
dc.subjectPHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectPREGNANT MOTHERS
dc.subjectPREGNANT WOMEN
dc.subjectPRESCHOOL CENTERS
dc.subjectPRESCHOOL CHILDREN
dc.subjectPRESCHOOL EDUCATION
dc.subjectPRESCHOOL ENROLLMENT
dc.subjectPRESCHOOL LEVEL
dc.subjectPRESCHOOL PROGRAMS
dc.subjectPRESCHOOL TEACHER
dc.subjectPRESCHOOL TEACHER TRAINING
dc.subjectPRESCHOOL TEACHERS
dc.subjectPRESCHOOLS
dc.subjectPRIMARY CAREGIVERS
dc.subjectPRIMARY CLASSES
dc.subjectPRIMARY CLASSROOMS
dc.subjectPRIMARY CURRICULUM
dc.subjectPRIMARY EDUCATION
dc.subjectPRIMARY EDUCATION REFORM
dc.subjectPRIMARY SCHOOL
dc.subjectPRIMARY SCHOOL EDUCATION
dc.subjectPRIMARY SCHOOL STUDENTS
dc.subjectPRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHER
dc.subjectPRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHERS
dc.subjectPRIMARY SCHOOLS
dc.subjectPRIMARY-SCHOOL
dc.subjectPRINCIPALS
dc.subjectPRIVATE EDUCATION
dc.subjectPRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS
dc.subjectPRIVATE PRIMARY SCHOOLS
dc.subjectPUBLIC AWARENESS
dc.subjectPUPIL-TEACHER RATIO
dc.subjectPUPIL-TEACHER RATIOS
dc.subjectQUALIFIED TEACHERS
dc.subjectQUALIFIED TEACHING FORCE
dc.subjectQUALITY PRESCHOOL
dc.subjectQUALITY PRESCHOOL EDUCATION
dc.subjectREADING
dc.subjectREADING BOOKS
dc.subjectREASONING
dc.subjectREGIONAL EDUCATION
dc.subjectRESOURCE CENTERS
dc.subjectRURAL AREAS
dc.subjectRURAL CHILDREN
dc.subjectRURAL POPULATION
dc.subjectSCHOLARSHIPS
dc.subjectSCHOOL CLASSES
dc.subjectSCHOOL COMPLETION
dc.subjectSCHOOL GRADUATES
dc.subjectSCHOOL READINESS
dc.subjectSCHOOL REFORM
dc.subjectSECONDARY SCHOOL
dc.subjectSECONDARY SCHOOL TEACHERS
dc.subjectSERVICE EDUCATION
dc.subjectSERVICE TRAINING
dc.subjectSOCIAL BENEFITS
dc.subjectSOCIAL DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectSOCIAL GROUPS
dc.subjectSOCIAL SKILLS
dc.subjectSTUDENT ASSESSMENT
dc.subjectSTUDENT EXPENDITURES
dc.subjectTEACHER
dc.subjectTEACHER EVALUATIONS
dc.subjectTEACHER QUALIFICATION
dc.subjectTEACHER QUALIFICATIONS
dc.subjectTEACHER QUALITY
dc.subjectTEACHER RECRUITMENT
dc.subjectTEACHER SALARIES
dc.subjectTEACHER SHORTAGE
dc.subjectTEACHER SHORTAGES
dc.subjectTEACHER SUPPLY
dc.subjectTEACHER SUPPORT
dc.subjectTEACHER TRAINING
dc.subjectTEACHER TRAINING PROGRAMS
dc.subjectTEACHERS
dc.subjectTEACHING
dc.subjectTEACHING EXPERIENCE
dc.subjectTEACHING FORCE
dc.subjectTEACHING STAFF
dc.subjectTECHNICAL ASSISTANCE
dc.subjectTERTIARY EDUCATION
dc.subjectTRAINING OF TEACHERS
dc.subjectTRAINING PROGRAMS
dc.subjectTUITION
dc.subjectTUITION WAIVERS
dc.subjectUNIVERSAL ACCESS
dc.subjectVOCATIONAL EDUCATION
dc.subjectVOCATIONAL SCHOOLS
dc.subjectVOUCHERS
dc.subjectYOUNG CHILDREN
dc.titleChina Early Child Development : Early Childhood Education in Yunnan

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