How Has Regional Integration Taken Place in Other Regions?

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dc.creatorShahid, Sohaib
dc.creatorKathuria, Sanjay
dc.creatorFerrantino, Michael Joseph
dc.date2015-06-17T15:38:01Z
dc.date2015-06-17T15:38:01Z
dc.date2015-04
dc.date.accessioned2026-07-01T00:52:28Z
dc.descriptionAs the momentum for multilateral trade liberalization has slowed, an increasing amount of liberalization is taking place at a regional level. As of April 2015, there are 406 regional trade agreements (RTAs) in force worldwide, more than double the number in force in 2000. These agreements cover over half of international trade. Countries engage in regional cooperation for a variety of reasons. First, it is easier to achieve agreement among a small number of regional partners than it is globally. Second, regional cooperation takes advantage of existing natural tendencies for regional trade that arise from geography and shared culture. This reinforces the regional division of labor already taking place among firms. Global value chains, in which lead firms organize a division of labor for complex products among many countries, often turn out to have a regional focus. Think, for example, of the electronics value chain in East Asia, and the automotive value chains focused on the United States, Germany, and Japan. South Asia itself is a small but growing part of value chains in textiles and apparel with both regional depth and cross-linkages to East Asia. This piece will focus on four aspects of trade liberalization (trade facilitation, non-tariff measures/barriers, intra-regional investment, and energy cooperation) that go beyond traditional preferential tariff reduction to illustrate both the potential of south-south liberalization and some of the particular challenges faced by South Asia. There is widespread agreement that deeper regional engagement in these areas will benefit the people of South Asia.
dc.formatapplication/pdf
dc.formattext/plain
dc.identifierhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2015/06/24599908/regional-integration-taken-place-other-regions-lessons-south-asia
dc.identifierhttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/22030
dc.identifierhttps://doi.org/10.1596/22030
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/123456789/412289
dc.languageEnglish
dc.languageen_US
dc.publisherWorld Bank, Washington, DC
dc.relationSARConnect,issue no. 2;
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rightshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.rightsWorld Bank
dc.subjectCOMMON MARKET
dc.subjectTARIFFS
dc.subjectHARMONIZATION
dc.subjectTRADE VOLUMES
dc.subjectINVESTORS
dc.subjectCAPITAL CONTROLS
dc.subjectTRADE SHARE
dc.subjectMULTILATERAL TRADE
dc.subjectFREE TRADE AGREEMENT
dc.subjectWORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL TRADE
dc.subjectBARRIERS
dc.subjectTRADE COSTS
dc.subjectBARRIER
dc.subjectREGIONAL TRADE AGREEMENTS
dc.subjectFOREIGN INVESTORS
dc.subjectINFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
dc.subjectINVESTMENT PROVISIONS
dc.subjectREGIONAL STANDARDS
dc.subjectINCOME
dc.subjectVALUE
dc.subjectCOMPETITIVENESS
dc.subjectCONVERGENCE
dc.subjectFOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT
dc.subjectREGIONAL LEVEL
dc.subjectEUROPEAN UNION
dc.subjectEXCHANGE
dc.subjectPROTECTIONS
dc.subjectCROSS-BORDER ISSUES
dc.subjectELECTRONIC TRADE
dc.subjectHARMONIZATION OF REGULATIONS
dc.subjectEXPORTS
dc.subjectAGRICULTURE
dc.subjectINCOME COUNTRIES
dc.subjectREGIONAL AGREEMENTS
dc.subjectNATIONAL POLICIES
dc.subjectTRADE FACILITATION
dc.subjectPRICE
dc.subjectTRADE LIBERALIZATION
dc.subjectPAYMENTS
dc.subjectMULTILATERAL TRADE LIBERALIZATION
dc.subjectFREE TRADE
dc.subjectREGULATORY REGIMES
dc.subjectDISPUTE RESOLUTION
dc.subjectMUTUAL RECOGNITION OF STANDARDS
dc.subjectCUSTOMS CLEARANCE
dc.subjectTRADE AGREEMENTS
dc.subjectIMPORTING COUNTRY
dc.subjectREGIONAL INTEGRATION
dc.subjectECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectEXPORTING COUNTRY
dc.subjectTRADE
dc.subjectMUTUAL RECOGNITION
dc.subjectGDP
dc.subjectGOODS
dc.subjectDISPUTE RESOLUTION MECHANISM
dc.subjectSECURITY
dc.subjectCOSTS
dc.subjectINVESTMENT
dc.subjectREGIONAL PARTNERS
dc.subjectDOMESTIC PRODUCTION
dc.subjectSHARE
dc.subjectREGIONAL COOPERATION
dc.subjectINVESTMENT CLIMATE
dc.subjectTARIFF
dc.subjectREGIONAL TRADE
dc.subjectECONOMIC COOPERATION
dc.subjectTARIFF REDUCTION
dc.subjectCUSTOMS
dc.subjectINVESTMENT AGREEMENT
dc.subjectINVESTMENTS
dc.subjectWORLD TRADE
dc.subjectINTELLECTUAL PROPERTY
dc.subjectCOMMUNICATION
dc.subjectPOLICY RESEARCH
dc.subjectOPEN BORDERS
dc.subjectTRADE FRICTIONS
dc.subjectRULES OF ORIGIN
dc.subjectPREFERENTIAL TARIFF
dc.subjectPREFERENTIAL TARIFF REDUCTION
dc.subjectACCESS
dc.subjectTRADE INFORMATION
dc.subjectECONOMIC COMMUNITY
dc.subjectAPPAREL
dc.subjectQUANTITATIVE RESTRICTIONS
dc.subjectOUTCOMES
dc.subjectTRANSFER OF FUNDS
dc.subjectTRADING PARTNERS
dc.subjectTECHNICAL BARRIERS
dc.subjectTRADE AGREEMENT
dc.subjectINTRA-REGIONAL TRADE
dc.subjectLIBERALIZATION
dc.subjectNON-TARIFF MEASURES
dc.subjectEQUITABLE TREATMENT
dc.titleHow Has Regional Integration Taken Place in Other Regions?
dc.titleLessons for South Asia
dc.typeBrief
dc.typeFiche
dc.typeResumen

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