Soil phosphorus properties and management for perennial crops in the central Amazon.
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Tree crop production is gaining considerable importance in the central Amazon. However, the soils in the central Amazon are extremely poor in available P. The present contribution assesses the soil P status of central Amazonian upland soils, the effects of fertilization on soil P availability and tree crop growth, as well as the influence of large P recycling by tree crops on soil P availability. Soil fertility management has to target the prevalent P deficiency by adequate P fertilization. P fixation to clay minerals was not a major obstacle for P management in the highly weathered soils of the central Amazon due to their high kaolinite contents. P fertilization to tree crops is effective in aleviating P deficiency and increasing crop growth. Large P return to soil by litterfall, throughfall and stemflow was found to improve soil P availability. Tree crops were found to be P conservative with respect to exports. Once fertilization replenished P for biomass production, P fertilization can be reduced to match P exports by harvests.
Palabras clave
Central Amazon, Nutrient Cycling, Perennial Crops, P Fixation, phosphorus, soil types