United States Demand for Coffee Imports
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The United States - one of the world's largest coffee importers - imports coffee beans from a
variety of different countries. These countries are aggregated into five groups representing five
broadly defined types of coffee. Imports of the five coffees over time are examined to determine
price, expenditure and substitution elasticities. These elasticities reflect preferences as well a technical
relationships in the form of blending recipes. The lower the degree of substitutability between
the different types of coffee, the more inelastic the demand from the United States facing groups
of exporting countries.
The results suggest rigidities in United States imports of coffee of different types. These rigidities
are evidenced by substantial complementarity among the five coffee types. Preference patterns
are very similar across a wide range of model specifications. There are differences in expenditure
elasticities for different types of coffee in the United States.