Samoa Post-Disaster Needs Assessment : Cyclone Evan 2012
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World Bank, Washington, DC
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Cyclone Evan hit Samoa in December 2012
and caused immense damage and significant losses. The value
of durable physical assets across all economic and social
sectors destroyed by Evan is estimated at Samoa tala (SAT)
235.7 million, equivalent to United States (U.S.) 103.3
million dollars. It has been found that 55 percent of
disaster effects fall within public sector ownership, while
the remaining 45 percent of effects are within private
enterprises and individual ownership. This breakdown
provides guidance on the sharing of responsibilities during
recovery and reconstruction. The government is expected not
only to take care of the issues that fall within its
purview, but also to exercise leadership and guidance in
relation to the private sector, with special reference to
addressing the post-disaster requirements of the poor. In
order of descending magnitude or intensity, the most
affected sectors were transport, agriculture, the
environment, electricity, and tourism. Though social
cohesion and social relations were found to be strong
throughout and after the disaster, with people supporting
their extended families and communities well, some incidents
of antisocial behavior were reported. This paper is
organized as follows: chapter one is living with disaster;
chapter two gives assessment methodology; chapter three
deals with damage, losses, and needs by sector; chapter four
focuses on economic impacts; chapter five presents human and
social impacts and needs; chapter six deals with managing
disaster risk; and chapter seven gives summary of
post-disaster recovery and reconstruction needs.
Palabras clave
AGRICULTURAL CHEMICALS, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION, AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH, AGRICULTURE, ANIMAL HEALTH, ANIMAL PRODUCTION, AQUACULTURE, BALANCE OF PAYMENTS, CANCER, CASUALTIES, CLIMATE CHANGE, COMMERCIAL FISHING, CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK, CROPS, CYCLONE ACTIVITY, DAMAGES, DEAD ANIMALS, DECLARATION, DIET, DISASTER, DISASTER MANAGEMENT, DISASTER PREPAREDNESS, DISASTER RECOVERY, DISASTER REDUCTION, DISASTER RESPONSE, DISASTER RISK, DISASTER RISK REDUCTION, DISASTER SITUATION, DISASTERS, DISEASES, DISPOSABLE INCOME, DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS, DRINKING WATER, DROUGHT, EARTHQUAKE, EARTHQUAKES, ECONOMIC ACTIVITY, ECONOMIC ANALYSIS, ECONOMIC CONDITIONS, ECONOMIC EFFECTS, ECONOMIC GROWTH, ECONOMIC IMPACT, ELECTRICITY GENERATION, EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT, EMERGENCY NEEDS, EMERGENCY OPERATIONS, ENSO, ENVIRONMENTAL, EQUIPMENT, EVACUATION, EXPENDITURES, EXTREME EVENTS, EXTREME WEATHER, EXTREME WEATHER EVENT, EXTREME WEATHER EVENTS, FARMER, FARMERS, FARMS, FATALITIES, FEED, FERTILIZERS, FINANCIAL RESOURCES, FIRE, FISH, FISHERIES, FISHERS, FISHING, FISHING NETS, FLOOD, FLOOD DAMAGES, FLOODING, FLOODS, FOOD SECURITY, GENDER, GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES, HEALTH EDUCATION, HEAVY RAINFALL, HOUSING, HURRICANE, IMPACT OF DISASTERS, INCOMES, INFRASTRUCTURE DAMAGE, INSURANCE, INTEGRATION, LABOR FORCE, LIVESTOCK, LIVING CONDITIONS, LOCAL NONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS, MARKETING, METEOROLOGICAL ORGANIZATION, NATURAL DISASTER, NATURAL HAZARD, NATURAL HAZARDS, NATURAL RESOURCES, NGOS, NONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATION, PESTS, PRIVATE SECTOR, PRODUCERS, PRODUCTION COSTS, RECONSTRUCTION, RELIEF, RELIEF AGENCY, RELIEF DISTRIBUTION, REPLACEMENT COSTS, RISK ASSESSMENT, RISK MANAGEMENT, SECTORAL ANALYSIS, SOUTHERN OSCILLATION, STORM, SUBSISTENCE LIVELIHOODS, SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, TECHNICAL COOPERATION, TECTONIC PLATES, TORNADOES, TROPICAL CYCLONE, TROPICAL CYCLONES, TROPICAL STORMS, TSUNAMI, TSUNAMIS, TYPHOON, VETERINARY SERVICES, VOLCANIC ERUPTION, WATER RESOURCES, WATER TANKS, WIND SPEED, WIND SPEEDS, WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION, WTP