Rewarding Safer Sex : Conditional Cash Transfers for HIV/STI Prevention

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dc.creatorDow, William H.
dc.creatorde Walque, Damien
dc.creatorNathan, Rose
dc.date2014-12-03T16:05:17Z
dc.date2014-12-03T16:05:17Z
dc.date2014-11
dc.date.accessioned2026-07-01T00:51:33Z
dc.descriptionIncentive-based policies have been shown to be powerful in many areas of behavior, but have rarely been tested in the sexual domain. The Rewarding Sexually Transmitted Infection Prevention and Control in Tanzania (RESPECT) study is a randomized controlled trial testing the hypothesis that a system of rapid feedback and positive reinforcement that uses cash as the primary incentive can be used to reduce risky sexual activity among young people, male and female, who are at high risk of HIV infection. The study enrolled 2,399 participants in 10 villages in rural southwest Tanzania. The intervention arm received conditional cash transfers that depended on negative results of periodic screenings for sexually transmitted infections, an objectively measured marker for risky sexual behavior. The intervention arm was further divided into two subgroups, one receiving a high value payment of up to $60 over the course of the study ($20 payments every four months) and the other receiving a lower value payment of up to $30 ($10 payments every four months). At the end of the one year of intervention, the results showed a significant reduction in sexually transmitted infections in the group that was eligible for the $20 payments every four months, but no such reduction was found for the group receiving the $10 payments. The effects were stronger among the lower socioeconomic and higher risks groups. The results of a post-intervention follow-up survey conducted one year after discontinuing the intervention indicate a sustained effect among males, but not among females.
dc.formatapplication/pdf
dc.formattext/plain
dc.identifierhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2014/11/20366321/rewarding-safer-sex-conditional-cash-transfers-hivsti-prevention
dc.identifierhttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/20617
dc.identifierhttps://doi.org/10.1596/20617
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/123456789/412057
dc.languageEnglish
dc.languageen_US
dc.publisherWorld Bank Group, Washington, DC
dc.relationPolicy Research Working Paper;No. 7099
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rightshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.subjectABSTINENCE
dc.subjectADOLESCENT
dc.subjectADOLESCENT FEMALES
dc.subjectAGED
dc.subjectAIDS EPIDEMIC
dc.subjectAIDS PREVENTION
dc.subjectANAL SEX
dc.subjectBEHAVIOR CHANGE
dc.subjectBIOLOGICAL MARKERS
dc.subjectBLOOD SAMPLES
dc.subjectCHEMOTHERAPY
dc.subjectCHLAMYDIA
dc.subjectCLINICS
dc.subjectCOMMERCIAL SEX
dc.subjectCONDOM
dc.subjectCONDOM USE
dc.subjectCONDOMS
dc.subjectCONSISTENT CONDOM USE
dc.subjectCOUNSELLING
dc.subjectDEVELOPING COUNTRIES
dc.subjectDEVELOPMENT POLICY
dc.subjectDEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY
dc.subjectDIAGNOSIS
dc.subjectDISEASE PREVENTION
dc.subjectECONOMIC STATUS
dc.subjectEPIDEMIC
dc.subjectFEMALE
dc.subjectFEMALES
dc.subjectFEWER PEOPLE
dc.subjectFORMAL EDUCATION
dc.subjectGENDER
dc.subjectGENITAL SECRETIONS
dc.subjectGONORRHEA
dc.subjectGONORRHOEA
dc.subjectHEALTH EDUCATION
dc.subjectHEALTH FACILITIES
dc.subjectHEALTH RISKS
dc.subjectHERPES
dc.subjectHERPES SIMPLEX
dc.subjectHERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS
dc.subjectHIV
dc.subjectHIV INFECTION
dc.subjectHIV POSITIVE
dc.subjectHIV PREVENTION
dc.subjectHIV TESTING
dc.subjectHIV/AIDS
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD INCOME
dc.subjectHUMAN DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectINFECTION PREVENTION
dc.subjectINTERVENTION
dc.subjectMALE SEX
dc.subjectMARITAL SEX
dc.subjectMARITAL STATUS
dc.subjectMASS COMMUNICATION
dc.subjectMEDICAL RESEARCH
dc.subjectMEDICAL TREATMENT
dc.subjectMINISTRY OF HEALTH
dc.subjectMULTIPLE PARTNERS
dc.subjectNEGATIVE EFFECTS
dc.subjectNEW INFECTIONS
dc.subjectPOLICY DISCUSSIONS
dc.subjectPOLICY RESEARCH
dc.subjectPOLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER
dc.subjectPOPULATION AND DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectPOPULATION REFERENCE BUREAU
dc.subjectPREVALENCE
dc.subjectPREVALENCE OF CHLAMYDIA
dc.subjectPREVALENCE OF SYPHILIS
dc.subjectPREVENTION INTERVENTIONS
dc.subjectPREVENTION STRATEGIES
dc.subjectPROGRESS
dc.subjectPROSTITUTION
dc.subjectPSYCHOLOGISTS
dc.subjectPUBLIC HEALTH
dc.subjectPUBLIC SERVICES
dc.subjectRESEARCH COMMUNITIES
dc.subjectRESPECT
dc.subjectRISK BEHAVIORS
dc.subjectRISK REDUCTION
dc.subjectRISKY BEHAVIOR
dc.subjectRISKY SEX
dc.subjectRISKY SEXUAL BEHAVIOR
dc.subjectRISKY SEXUAL BEHAVIORS
dc.subjectRURAL COMMUNITIES
dc.subjectSAFE SEX
dc.subjectSAFER SEX
dc.subjectSCHOOL ATTENDANCE
dc.subjectSEX
dc.subjectSEX WITH MEN
dc.subjectSEX WORKERS
dc.subjectSEXUAL ACTIVITY
dc.subjectSEXUAL BEHAVIORS
dc.subjectSEXUAL BEHAVIOUR
dc.subjectSEXUAL CONTACT
dc.subjectSEXUAL ENCOUNTERS
dc.subjectSEXUAL INTERCOURSE
dc.subjectSEXUAL PARTNER
dc.subjectSEXUAL PARTNERS
dc.subjectSEXUAL PARTNERSHIP
dc.subjectSEXUAL PARTNERSHIPS
dc.subjectSEXUAL PRACTICES
dc.subjectSEXUAL RELATIONSHIPS
dc.subjectSEXUALITY
dc.subjectSEXUALLY ACTIVE
dc.subjectSEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASE
dc.subjectSEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES
dc.subjectSEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTION
dc.subjectSEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS
dc.subjectSM
dc.subjectSOCIAL NORMS
dc.subjectSOCIOECONOMIC STATUS
dc.subjectSPOUSE
dc.subjectSPOUSES
dc.subjectSTIS
dc.subjectSUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectSYMPTOMS
dc.subjectSYPHILIS
dc.subjectTREATMENT
dc.subjectTRICHOMONAS
dc.subjectUNPROTECTED SEX
dc.subjectUSE OF CONDOMS
dc.subjectVIRUS
dc.subjectVULNERABILITY
dc.subjectYOUNG GIRLS
dc.subjectYOUNG PEOPLE
dc.subjectYOUTH
dc.subjectYOUTHS
dc.titleRewarding Safer Sex : Conditional Cash Transfers for HIV/STI Prevention

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