Who Is Employed? Evidence from Sub-Saharan Africa on Redefining Employment

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dc.creatorOseni, Gbemisola
dc.creatorGaddis, Isis
dc.creatorPalacios-Lopez, Amparo
dc.creatorPieters, Janneke
dc.date2020-09-03T14:11:17Z
dc.date2020-09-03T14:11:17Z
dc.date2020-08
dc.date.accessioned2026-07-01T00:38:25Z
dc.descriptionThe 19th International Conference of Labour Statisticians (in 2013) redefined labor statistics standards. A major change was to narrow the definition of employment to work for pay or profit. By the revised standards, farming that is only or mainly intended for own use is no longer considered employment, and such a farmer is no longer considered to be employed or in the labor force. This paper analyzes the implications of the revised standards on measures of employment in Sub-Saharan Africa obtained from multi-topic household surveys. It shows that, in some contexts, 70 to 80 percent of farmers produce only or mainly for family consumption and are therefore, based on this activity, not considered employed by the revised standards. However, there is wide variation across countries and regions. Moreover, farmers are more likely to report intending to produce for sale at the end of the growing season of the main local crop than earlier in the season. Men are more likely than women to produce for sale. The revised standards lead to significantly lower employment-to-population ratios in rural Africa and change the sectoral composition of the employed population toward non-agricultural sectors. The paper concludes with recommendations for data producers and users.
dc.formatapplication/pdf
dc.formattext/plain
dc.identifierhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/468881598538973944/Who-Is-Employed-Evidence-from-Sub-Saharan-Africa-on-Redefining-Employment
dc.identifierhttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/34418
dc.identifier10.1596/1813-9450-9370
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/123456789/408028
dc.languageEnglish
dc.publisherWorld Bank, Washington, DC
dc.relationPolicy Research Working Paper;No. 9370
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rightshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo
dc.rightsWorld Bank
dc.subjectLABOR STATISTICS
dc.subjectLABOR MARKET
dc.subjectINFORMALITY
dc.subjectLABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION
dc.subjectFEMALE LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION
dc.subjectGENDER
dc.subjectOWN-USE PRODUCTION
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD SURVEY
dc.subjectEMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectFARM PRODUCTION
dc.titleWho Is Employed? Evidence from Sub-Saharan Africa on Redefining Employment
dc.typeWorking Paper
dc.typeDocument de travail
dc.typeDocumento de trabajo

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