Vegetative propagation of Schizolobium parahyba var. amazonicum (paricá) using field grafting and mound layering techniques.

SALES, A.; XAVIER, A.; PAIVA, H. N. DE; WENDLING, I.; SANTOS, G. A. DOS; SIVIERO, M. A.; VIEIRA, S. B.

Vegetative propagation of Schizolobium parahyba var. amazonicum (paricá) using field grafting and mound layering techniques.

Autores

Descripción

Schizolobium parahyba var. amazonicum (paricá) is an economically and environmentally important leguminous tree in the Brazilian Amazon, primarily used for wood. No efficient cloning techniques are available for this species, therefore we evaluated the effectiveness of grafting and mound-layering techniques for vegetative propagation of paricá. We carried out two field experiments. The grafting experiment utilized cleft grafting on rootstocks with scion diameters of 0.8 ± 0.2 and 1.5 ± 0.2 cm, collected from basal epicormic sprouts, in a completely randomized design. The mound-layering experiment involved basal epicormic sprouts induced by coppicing, with a randomized complete block design and five concentrations of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) (0, 6, 12, 24, 48 g kg-1). Scions with larger diameter resulted in significantly higher survival rates, and greater shoot diameter and length. Grafted plants showed high vegetative vigor and weakly visible callus formation. With mound-layering, rooting of basal epicormic sprouts increased significantly with IBA concentrations up to 12 g kg-1, but decreased at higher concentrations. The high survival rate of grafted plants indicated successful graft union, differentiation of new vascular tissue and the formation of a vascular system for vegetative growth. Mound-layering was also successful as shown by the increase in rooting when treated with IBA. The decline in rooting at higher IBA concentrations suggests that excessive auxin may inhibit root formation. Our results indicate that cleft grafting and mound-layering have potential to be used in the vegetative propagation of paricá.