Do International Treaties Promote Development? The Convention on the Rights of the Child and Basic Immunization
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Little evidence is available on whether
changing global rules so as to promote human rights can
enhance development outcomes. The Convention on the Rights
of the Child was almost universally ratified by the
mid-1990s, but it is unclear whether treaty ratification was
associated with better or wider protection of children s
rights. This paper uses an instrumental variable approach to
investigate whether treaty ratification was associated with
stronger effort at the country level on child survival, and
particularly with higher rates of immunization coverage. The
paper finds that ratification of the Convention on the
Rights of the Child was correlated with a subsequent
increase in immunization rates, but only in upper middle and
high-income countries. Treaties can promote development
outcomes, but require institutional support to do so.
Palabras clave
APPROPRIATE INCENTIVES, ARGUMENT, ARMED CONFLICT, BASIC RIGHTS, CASE LAW, CHILD HEALTH, CHILD IMMUNIZATION, CHILD MORTALITY, CHILD SPACING, CHILD SURVIVAL, CHILDHOOD, CHILDHOOD DISEASES, CHILDREN'S RIGHTS, CIVIL CONFLICT, CIVIL LIBERTY, CIVIL SOCIETY, CIVIL SOCIETY ACTORS, CIVIL WAR, CONSCRIPTION, CONVENTION AGAINST TORTURE, CONVENTION ON THE RIGHTS OF THE CHILD, DELIVERY CARE, DEMOCRACIES, DEMOCRACY, DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE, DEVELOPMENT POLICY, DOMESTIC COURTS, DOMESTIC LAW, DOMESTIC POLITICS, DRIVERS, DUE PROCESS, ECONOMIC GROWTH, ECONOMIC RIGHTS, ENVIRONMENTAL TREATIES, EXPLOITATION, FAIR TRIAL, FREEDOM, FREEDOM OF EXPRESSION, GENOCIDE, HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS, HUMAN DEVELOPMENT, HUMAN RIGHTS, HUMAN RIGHTS CONVENTIONS, HUMAN RIGHTS INSTRUMENTS, HUMAN RIGHTS LAW, HUMAN RIGHTS TREATIES, HUMAN RIGHTS TREATY, IMMUNIZATION, INCOME, INFANT, INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY, INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION, INTERNATIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS, INTERNATIONAL LAW, INTERNATIONAL NORMS, INTERNATIONAL POLITICS, INTERNATIONAL PRESSURE, INTERNATIONAL TREATIES, INVESTIGATION, JUDICIAL ENFORCEMENT, LEGAL INSTRUMENTS, LEVEL OF DEVELOPMENT, LITERACY RATES, MEASLES, MEASLES IMMUNIZATION, MOTIVATION, NATAL CARE, NATIONAL LEVEL, NATIONAL PLANS, NATURAL RIGHTS, OFFENDERS, PEACE, PLANS OF ACTION, POLICY FORMULATION, POLICY RESEARCH, POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER, POLITICAL CHANGE, POLITICAL PARTICIPATION, POLITICAL PARTIES, POLITICAL RIGHTS, POPULATION DENSITY, POPULATION SIZE, PREVENTION OF TORTURE, PREVENTIVE HEALTH CARE, PRIMARY HEALTH CARE, PROGRESS, PROTECTION OF CHILDREN, PROTOCOL, PROTOCOLS, PUBLIC HEALTH, PUBLIC SERVICES, REPRESSION, RESPECT, RICHER COUNTRIES, RIGHT, SERVICE DELIVERY, SOCIAL CHANGE, SOCIAL JUSTICE, SOCIAL RIGHTS, SOCIAL SECURITY, TETANUS, TRAFFICKING, TRAFFICKING OF CHILDREN, TREATY, TREATY RATIFICATION, TUBERCULOSIS, VACCINES, WAR, WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION