Evaluation of beetroot (Beta vulgaris L.) leaves during its developmental stages: a chemical composition study
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Sociedade Brasileira de Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos
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Beetroot leaves (Beta vulgaris L.) are commonly cut off and discarded before using its bulb due to lack of knowledge of howto use them. Aiming at using these leaves, in the present study,in naturaand dehydrated beetroot leaves were chemicallycharacterized in terms of fatty acid composition, proximate composition, minerals, total phenolic compounds (TPC), andantioxidant activity by DPPH•in different stages (60, 80, and 100 days) of development. The beetroot leaves showed significantlevels of protein and lipids in all developmental stages, and all proximate composition nutrients decreased during thesematuration stages; the highest content was observed at 60 days. The Fe content decreased during the developmental stages (from342.75 to 246.30 mg.kg–1), while the content of K increased (from 13,367.64 to 20,784.90 mg.kg–1). With regard to to fatty acidcomposition, linolenic acid was present in the greatest quantity, and it increase up to 2.58 mg.g–1(in natura) and 40.11 mg.g–1(dehydrated) at 100 days of development. The n-6/n-3 ratios were low in all stages. The TPC and antioxidant activity by DPPH•changed during the developmental stages. The TPC was highest in the 100-day dehydrated leaves (15.27±0.12 mg GAE.g–1FW), and the 50% inhibition of DPPH•(IC5089.52 μg.mL–1)were better in the 60-dayin naturaleaves. This study shows that alldevelopmental stages produced satisfactory results, and therefore, these leaves can be reused as food. The antioxidant activityand the chemical constituents, mainly the ω-3fatty acid, increased during the stages of development.
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