The BEFS Analysis for Tanzania : sunflower biodiesel, water, and household food security
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There has been substantial debate regarding the potential of bioenergy as an alternative to fossil fuels, and the potential positive and negative impacts on rural development, food security, and the environment. Growing demand for food, population pressure on land use, and the growing impacts of climate change will create additional challenges for land and resource management. The focus then should be on how bioenergy can be produced in combination with food and other products to enhance bot h food and energy security. In this context, FAO, with generous funding from the German Federal Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Consumer Protection (BMELV) established the Bioenergy and Food Security (BEFS) Approach, to contribute analytical and policy guidance on how the development of a bioenergy sector could drive agriculture growth and poverty reduction, while fostering food security. The multidisciplinary, cross-ministerial discussion prompted by BEFS is based on information derived f rom technical analyses with the goal of assisting countries in deciding the direction for policy and development priorities. The analysis included here in builds on the analysis published as a result of the first BEFS Tanzania project and specifically includes three components – 1) Production cost analysis of biodiesel from sunflower; 2) Water availability and management issues in the Wami River Basin; and 3) Household level food security using a country representative dataset. The results o f the analysis highlight key areas where the government of Tanzania could integrate energy and agriculture goals to enhance energy and food security jointly.