Uncertainty and Climate Variability in the Design and Operation of Water Resources Projects : Examples and Case Studies
No hay miniatura disponible
Fecha
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
World Bank, Washington, DC
Resumen
Descripción
There are two common problems in flood
hydrology: 1) estimate the return period for a given flood;
and 2) estimate the flood for a given return period. A
commonly used procedure to solve these problems is to fit a
probability density function such as the Gumbel, Pearson
type three or the generalized extreme value distributions to
the historical data. The Pearson probability distribution
was named after the statistician Pearson, it is also called
the three-parameter gamma distribution. The Mann-Kendall
test is a non-parametric test for identifying trends in time
series data. The test compares the relative magnitudes of
sample data rather than the data values them. One benefit of
this test is that the data need not conform to any
particular distribution. The data values are evaluated as an
ordered time series. Each data value is compared to all
subsequent data values. There are basically two approaches
to downscale coupled climate model projections: statistical
and dynamic downscaling.
Palabras clave
AGRICULTURE, ANNUAL PRECIPITATION, ANNUAL RAINFALL, ANNUAL VARIATIONS, ANOXIC CONDITIONS, ANTHROPOGENIC CLIMATE CHANGE, ATMOSPHERE, AVAILABILITY OF WATER, AVERAGE RAINFALL, BASINS, CALCULATION, CAPACITY BUILDING, CASE STUDIES, CATCHMENT AREA, CLIMATE, CLIMATE CHANGE, CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACT, CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACTS, CLIMATE CHANGE SCENARIOS, CLIMATE CONDITIONS, CLIMATE FLUCTUATIONS, CLIMATE IMPACT, CLIMATE PROJECTIONS, CLIMATE SIMULATIONS, CLIMATE UNCERTAINTY, CLIMATE VARIABILITY, CLIMATIC CHANGE, CLIMATIC CHARACTERISTICS, CLIMATIC IMPACTS, CLIMATIC VARIABILITY, CLOUDS, CO, COLORS, CONSTRUCTION, COPE WITH CLIMATE CHANGE, CROPS, DAMS, DECISION MAKERS, DEFORESTATION, DISCHARGE, DOMINANT VEGETATION, DRAINAGE, DROUGHT, DROUGHT CONDITIONS, DRY PERIODS, ECOSYSTEM, ECOSYSTEM STRUCTURE, ECOSYSTEMS, EFFECT OF CLIMATE VARIABILITY, EMISSION, EMISSION SCENARIOS, EMISSIONS, EMISSIONS SCENARIOS, ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT, ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT, EVAPORATION, EVAPOTRANSPIRATION, EXTREME VALUES, FAT TAILS, FINANCIAL CONTRIBUTION, FLOOD CONTROL, FLOOD FORECASTING, FLOOD FREQUENCY, FLOOD RISK, FLOODS, FUTURE CLIMATE CHANGE, GCM, GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, GHG, GREENHOUSE, GREENHOUSE GASES, GROUND SURFACE, GROUNDWATER, GROUNDWATER RECHARGE, GROWING SEASON, HIGHLANDS, HUMAN INTERVENTION, HUMID REGIONS, HYDROLOGIC CHANGES, HYDROLOGIC CONDITIONS, HYDROLOGIC CYCLE, HYDROLOGIC MODELS, HYDROLOGIC PARAMETERS, HYDROLOGIC RECORDS, HYDROLOGIC REGIME, HYDROLOGIC REGIMES, HYDROLOGIC VARIABLES, HYDROLOGICAL MODELS, HYDROLOGISTS, HYDROLOGY, HYDROPOWER DEVELOPMENT, IMPACT OF CLIMATE, IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE, IMPACT OF CLIMATE VARIABILITY, INCREASE IN TEMPERATURE, INTERGOVERNMENTAL PANEL ON CLIMATE CHANGE, IPCC, LAND MANAGEMENT, LAND USE, LAND-SURFACE, LONG-TERM CLIMATE VARIABILITY, MAGNITUDE OF CLIMATE CHANGE, MANAGEMENT OF WATER, MEAN RAINFALL, METEOROLOGICAL ORGANIZATION, MITIGATION, PALEOCLIMATOLOGY, PEAK FLOWS, PRECIPITATION, PRECIPITATION ANOMALIES, PROBABILITY DENSITY, PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTION, PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTIONS, RAIN, RAINFALL, RAINFALL INTENSITY, RAINFALL MEAN, RAINFALL PATTERNS, RAINFALL SCENARIOS, RAINY DAYS, RAINY SEASONS, RANGES, REGIONAL CLIMATE, RESERVOIR, RESERVOIRS, RESTORATION, RIVER, RIVER BASIN, RUNOFF, SAMPLE SIZE, SEASONAL PRECIPITATION, SEASONAL RAINFALL, SEDIMENT, SERVICE PROVISION, SPECIES, SPECIES COMPOSITION, STATISTICAL METHODS, STOCHASTIC PROCESS, STORM EVENTS, STUDY AREA, SUBLIMATION, SURFACE BOUNDARY, SURFACE RUNOFF, SURFACE WATER, TEMPERATURE, TEMPERATURE VARIABILITY, TEMPORAL RESOLUTION, TROPICS, UNCERTAINTIES, USE OF WATER, VEGETATION, VEGETATION PATTERNS, WATER MANAGEMENT, WATER RESOURCES, WATER SUPPLY, WATER TABLE, WATER USE, WATERSHED, WATERSHED MANAGEMENT, WETLAND, WETLAND SYSTEM, WETLAND VEGETATION, WETLAND WATER, WETLANDS, WMO