Food Prices, Wages, and Welfare in Rural India

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dc.creatorJacoby, Hanan G.
dc.date2013-07-10T19:42:18Z
dc.date2013-07-10T19:42:18Z
dc.date2013-04
dc.date.accessioned2026-07-01T00:49:02Z
dc.descriptionThis paper considers the welfare and distributional consequences of higher relative food prices in rural India through the lens of a specific-factors, general equilibrium, trade model applied at the district level. The evidence shows that nominal wages for manual labor both within and outside agriculture respond elastically to increases in producer prices; that is, wages rose faster in rural districts growing more of those crops with large price run-ups over 2004-09. Accounting for such wage gains, the analysis finds that rural households across the income spectrum benefit from higher agricultural commodity prices. Indeed, rural wage adjustment appears to play a much greater role in protecting the welfare of the poor than the Public Distribution System, India's giant food-rationing scheme. Moreover, policies, like agricultural export bans, which insulate producers (as well as consumers) from international price increases, are particularly harmful to the poor of rural India. Conventional welfare analyses that assume fixed wages and focus on households' net sales position lead to radically different conclusions.
dc.formatapplication/pdf
dc.formattext/plain
dc.identifierhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2013/04/17594223/food-prices-wages-welfare-rural-india
dc.identifierhttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/14451
dc.identifierhttps://doi.org/10.1596/1813-9450-6412
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/123456789/411451
dc.languageEnglish
dc.languageen_US
dc.publisherWorld Bank, Washington, D.C.
dc.relationPolicy Research Working Paper;No.6412
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rightshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.rightsWorld Bank
dc.subjectACCOUNTING
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL COMMODITY
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL COSTS
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL EXPORT
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL GOODS
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL INPUTS
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL MARKETS
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL PRICE
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL PRICES
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL PRODUCT
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL SECTOR
dc.subjectAGRICULTURE
dc.subjectAVERAGE PRICE
dc.subjectAVERAGE PRICE CHANGE
dc.subjectBASE YEAR
dc.subjectCOMMERCIAL POLICY
dc.subjectCOMMODITY PRICE
dc.subjectCOMMODITY PRICES
dc.subjectCONSTANT RETURNS TO SCALE
dc.subjectCONSUMER PRICES
dc.subjectCONSUMERS
dc.subjectCONSUMPTION EXPENDITURES
dc.subjectCOTTON
dc.subjectCRISES
dc.subjectCROP PRODUCTION
dc.subjectCROPS
dc.subjectDEMAND FUNCTION
dc.subjectDEMOGRAPHIC
dc.subjectDEVELOPING COUNTRIES
dc.subjectDEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS
dc.subjectDEVELOPMENT POLICY
dc.subjectDISCOUNT RATE
dc.subjectDISTRIBUTION OF INCOME
dc.subjectDOMESTIC MARKET
dc.subjectDOMESTIC MARKETS
dc.subjectDOMESTIC PRICE
dc.subjectECONOMETRICS
dc.subjectECONOMIC THEORY
dc.subjectELASTICITY
dc.subjectENGEL CURVE
dc.subjectEQUAL SHARES
dc.subjectEQUATIONS
dc.subjectEQUILIBRIUM
dc.subjectEXPECTED PRESENT VALUE
dc.subjectEXPENDITURE
dc.subjectEXPENDITURES
dc.subjectEXPOSURE
dc.subjectFAIR
dc.subjectFAMILY LABOR
dc.subjectFARM
dc.subjectFARM PRODUCTIVITY
dc.subjectFARM SECTOR
dc.subjectFARM WORKERS
dc.subjectFARMERS
dc.subjectFARMLAND
dc.subjectFARMS
dc.subjectFOOD PRICE
dc.subjectFOOD PRICES
dc.subjectFOOD SECURITY
dc.subjectFUTURE RESEARCH
dc.subjectGENERAL EQUILIBRIUM
dc.subjectGEOGRAPHICAL LABOR MOBILITY
dc.subjectGLOBALIZATION
dc.subjectGOVERNMENT INTERVENTIONS
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLDS
dc.subjectINCOME
dc.subjectINCOME EFFECT
dc.subjectINCOME EFFECTS
dc.subjectINCOME ELASTICITY OF DEMAND
dc.subjectINCOME GROUP
dc.subjectINDUSTRIALIZATION
dc.subjectINFLATION
dc.subjectINNOVATION
dc.subjectINNOVATIONS
dc.subjectINPUT PRICES
dc.subjectINSURANCE
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL MARKETS
dc.subjectLABOR COSTS
dc.subjectLABOR FORCE
dc.subjectLABOR MARKET
dc.subjectLABOR MARKET SEGMENTATION
dc.subjectLABOR MARKETS
dc.subjectLABOR MIGRATION
dc.subjectLABOR PRODUCTIVITY
dc.subjectLABORERS
dc.subjectLOW-INCOME COUNTRIES
dc.subjectMARGINAL PRODUCT
dc.subjectMARGINAL VALUE
dc.subjectMARKET ACCESS
dc.subjectMARKET INTEGRATION
dc.subjectMARKET PRICES
dc.subjectMARKET SEGMENTATION
dc.subjectMARKET WAGE
dc.subjectMARKETING
dc.subjectMILLS
dc.subjectMINIMUM WAGE
dc.subjectMOBILITY OF LABOR
dc.subjectNOMINAL WAGES
dc.subjectOUTPUT
dc.subjectOUTPUTS
dc.subjectPARTIAL EQUILIBRIUM ANALYSIS
dc.subjectPER CAPITA INCOME
dc.subjectPOLITICAL ECONOMY
dc.subjectPRICE CHANGE
dc.subjectPRICE CHANGES
dc.subjectPRICE ELASTICITY
dc.subjectPRICE INCREASE
dc.subjectPRICE INCREASES
dc.subjectPRICE INDEX
dc.subjectPRICE INFLATION
dc.subjectPRICE MOVEMENT
dc.subjectPRICE MOVEMENTS
dc.subjectPRICE TRENDS
dc.subjectPRODUCER PRICES
dc.subjectPRODUCTION FUNCTION
dc.subjectPRODUCTION FUNCTIONS
dc.subjectPRODUCTIVITY
dc.subjectRETAIL
dc.subjectRETAIL PRICES
dc.subjectRICE PRICES
dc.subjectRURAL AREAS
dc.subjectSAFETY
dc.subjectSAFETY NET
dc.subjectSALES
dc.subjectSTORAGE CAPACITY
dc.subjectSUBSTITUTION
dc.subjectSUGAR
dc.subjectSUPPLY OF SERVICES
dc.subjectTARIFF RATES
dc.subjectTRADE BARRIERS
dc.subjectTRADE LIBERALIZATION
dc.subjectTRADE POLICY
dc.subjectUNEMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectUNSKILLED LABOR
dc.subjectVARIABLE INPUTS
dc.subjectWAGE DETERMINATION
dc.subjectWAGE GROWTH
dc.subjectWAGE INCREASES
dc.subjectWAGES
dc.subjectWEALTH
dc.subjectWHOLESALE MARKETS
dc.subjectWHOLESALE PRICE
dc.subjectWHOLESALE PRICES
dc.subjectWTO
dc.titleFood Prices, Wages, and Welfare in Rural India

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