Evaluation of the project "The Paris Agreement in action: upscaling forest and landscape restoration to achieve nationally determined contributions"
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This report presents the findings of the final evaluation of the FAO-implemented project “The Paris Agreement in action upscaling forest and landscape restoration to achieve nationally determined contributions”, implemented under the Forest and Landscape Restoration Mechanism and funded primarily by the International Climate Initiative. The evaluation assesses the project’s contribution to advancing forest and landscape restoration (FLR) as a pathway to achieving nationally determined contributions (NDCs), with attention to context sensitivity, gender responsiveness, sustainability and lessons learned across global, regional, national and site levels. The evaluation adopted a theory-based approach and relied primarily on qualitative methods. The evaluation covered the full project implementation period (December 2018 to June 2024) across three regions and five focus countries. Findings indicate that the project effectively demonstrated the potential of FLR to support NDC achievement through integrated contributions to policy and planning processes, capacity development, site-level demonstration, and facilitation of access to climate and environmental finance. Results varied by country, reflecting differing political, institutional and policy contexts. The project consistently applied community-based and context-sensitive approaches and ensured women’s participation in most activities; however, the absence of systematic gender analysis and gender-responsive monitoring limited opportunities to advance and document gender equality outcomes. Strong practices included flexible design, integration of policy and field-level interventions, use of regional platforms for knowledge sharing, and a strategic focus on access to finance. While sustainability and replication potential is high, explicit planning for sustainability at project closure was limited. The evaluation concludes that future FLR initiatives would benefit from strengthened results-based monitoring and evaluation systems, systematic integration of gender and social inclusion, structured learning across sites, and the development of country-level sustainability and replication plans to support scale-up beyond the project period.