HIV Testing, Behavior Change, and the Transition to Adulthood in Malawi
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World Bank, Washington, DC
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For young adults living in countries
with AIDS epidemics, getting an HIV test may influence
near-term decisions, such as when to leave school, when to
marry, and when to have a first child. These behaviors,
which define the transition from adolescence to adulthood,
have long-term implications on well-being and directly
affect a person's risk of contracting HIV. Using an
experimental design embedded in a panel survey from Malawi,
this study assesses the impact of voluntary counseling and
testing of young adults for HIV on these decisions. The
results show negligible intent-to-treat effect of HIV
testing on behaviors. There is some suggestive evidence on
differential response by wealth and by prior beliefs about
one's status.
Palabras clave
ADOLESCENCE, ADOLESCENT, ADOLESCENT GIRLS, ADOLESCENT WOMEN, ADULTHOOD, AGE OF MARRIAGE, AGED, AIDS EPIDEMIC, ANTENATAL CLINICS, AVERAGE AGE, BEHAVIOR CHANGE, BIRTHS, CHILDBEARING, CIRCUMCISION, CONDOM, CONDOM USE, CONDOMS, CONFERENCE ON POPULATION, DEMOGRAPHY, DEVELOPMENT POLICY, DISEASE, DISEASES, EARLY YEARS, EPIDEMICS, FAMILY BACKGROUND, FATHER, FEMALE, FERTILITY, FIRST CHILD, FIRST MARRIAGE, FIRST PREGNANCY, GENDER, GENDER DIFFERENCES, HEALTH POLICY, HERPES, HERPES SIMPLEX, HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS, HIGH RISK OF INFECTION, HIV, HIV INFECTION, HIV POSITIVE, HIV PREVENTION, HIV TESTING, HIV/AIDS, HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS, HUMAN CAPITAL, HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS, IMMUNE DEFICIENCY, IMMUNODEFICIENCY, INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY, JOURNAL OF MARRIAGE, LARGELY RURAL AREAS, LIFE EVENTS, LIFE EXPECTANCY, LOCAL PUBLIC HEALTH, MARITAL PARTNERSHIPS, MEDICINE, MIGRATION, MONOGAMY, MOTHER, MOTHER-TO-CHILD, MOTHERS, MULTIPLE PARTNERS, NATIONAL POLICY, NEW INFECTIONS, NEWBORNS, OLD MEN, PERCEPTIONS OF RISK, POLICY DISCUSSIONS, POLICY RESEARCH, POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER, POPULATION AND DEVELOPMENT, PREGNANCIES, PREVALENCE, PRIMARY SCHOOL, PRIVACY, PROGRESS, PUBLIC HEALTH, REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH, RESPECT, RISK BEHAVIOR, RISK OF EXPOSURE, RISK OF INFECTION, RISKY SEX, RISKY SEXUAL BEHAVIOR, RISKY SEXUAL BEHAVIORS, SCHOOL ATTENDANCE, SECONDARY EDUCATION, SECONDARY SCHOOL, SEXUAL BEHAVIOR, SEXUAL PARTNER, SEXUAL RELATIONSHIPS, SEXUALLY ACTIVE, SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES, SOCIAL SCIENCE, SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS, SPOUSE, STRESSES, SYNDROMES, TERTIARY EDUCATION, TRANSMISSION RATES, TREATMENT, UNPROTECTED SEX, URBAN AREAS, URBAN COMMUNITIES, WOMAN, YOUNG ADULTS, YOUNG AGE, YOUNG MEN, YOUNG PEOPLE, YOUNG PERSON, YOUNG WOMAN, YOUNG WOMEN, YOUTH