Physiological effects of water deficit on two oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) genotypes
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Universidad Nacional de Colombia
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Water supply is the main limiting factor that affects oil palm(Elaeis guineensisJacq.) yield. This study aimed to evaluatethe gas exchange and photosynthetic capacity, determine thephysiological effects and assess the tolerance potential of oilpalm genotypes under water-deficit conditions. The two oilpalm commercial genotypes IRHO1001 and IRHO7010 wereexposed to soil water potentials of -0.042 MPa (field capacity orwell-watered) or -1.5 MPa (drought-stressed). The leaf water po-tential and gas exchange parameters, including photosynthesis,stomatal conductance, transpiration and water use efficiency(WUE), as well as the photosynthesis reduction rate were moni-tored at 4 and 8 weeks after treatment. The IRHO7010 genotypeshowed fewer photosynthesis changes and a smaller photosyn-thetic reduction under the prolonged water deficit conditionsof 23% at 4 weeks after the treatment as compared to 53% at8 weeks after treatment, but the IRHO1001 genotype showed46% and 74% reduction at the two sampling times. ‘IRHO7010’had a higher stomatal conductance and transpiration potentialthan ‘IRHO1001’ during the water shortage. The WUE andleaf water potential were not different between the genotypesduring dehydration. The data suggested that ‘IRHO7010’ hada higher photosynthetic capacity during the drought stress andwas more drought-tolerant than ‘IRHO1001’.
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