Zambia’s Infrastructure : A Continental Perspective

Dominguez, Carolina; Foster, Vivien

Zambia’s Infrastructure : A Continental Perspective

Autores

Descripción

Infrastructure improvements contributed 0.6 percentage points to Zambia's annual per capital GDP growth over the past decade, mostly because of exponential growth in information and communication services. The power sector, by contrast, pulled the growth rate down by more than 0.1 percentage points. Improving Zambia's infrastructure endowment could boost growth by up to 2 percentage points per year. Zambia's relatively high generation capacity and power consumption are accompanied by fewer power outages than elsewhere in the region. But Zambia's power sector emphasizes the mining industry, while household electrification is about half that in other resource-rich countries. Zambia's power tariffs, among the lowest in Africa, are less than half the level needed to accelerate electrification and keep pace with mining sector demands. In power as in just about every other aspect of infrastructure, rural Zambians lag well behind their African peers. In a country where 70 percent of the population depends on agriculture for its livelihood, this represents a huge drag on the economy. Zambia would need to spend an average of $1.6 billion a year over the decade 2006-15 to develop the infrastructure found in the rest of the developing world. This is equivalent to 20 percent of Zambia's GDP and about double the country's rate of investment in recent years. Closing the country's annual infrastructure funding gap of $500 million requires raising more funds, looking for more cost-effective ways to meet infrastructure targets, and eliminating the inefficiencies that cause the loss of $300 million annually.

Palabras clave

ABUSE OF MONOPOLY POWER, ACCESS TO ELECTRICITY, ACCESS TO SAFE WATER, ACCESSIBILITY, ADMINISTRATIVE CAPACITY, AIR, AIR TRAFFIC, AIR TRANSPORT, AIR TRANSPORT SECTOR, AIRCRAFT, AIRWAYS, ALLOCATING WATER RIGHTS, AMOUNT OF POWER, APPROACH, ARTERIES, AVAILABILITY, BALANCE, BANDWIDTH, BORDER CROSSINGS, BOTTLENECKS, BRIDGE, BRIDGE BORDER CROSSING, CABLE, CAPITAL BUDGETS, CAPITAL COSTS, CAPITAL EXPENDITURE, CAPITALS, CASH FLOW, CONCESSION, CONCESSION CONTRACT, CONSUMPTION OF ELECTRICITY, COST OF ELECTRICITY, COST OF ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION, COST OF SERVICE, COST RECOVERY, COST SAVINGS, COSTS OF DELAYS, COSTS OF POWER, COUNTRY COMPARISONS, DEFICITS, DISTRIBUTION LOSSES, DISTRIBUTION NETWORK, DOMESTIC AIR TRANSPORT, ECONOMIC COSTS, ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE, ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION, ELECTRICITY SUPPLY, ELECTRICITY TARIFFS, ELECTRIFICATION, ENERGY RESOURCES, EXORBITANT TARIFFS, FINANCIAL BURDEN, FINANCIAL DATA, FINANCIAL VIABILITY, GENERATION, GENERATION CAPACITY, GENERATION OF ELECTRICITY, GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT, GROWTH RATES, HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION, HOUSEHOLDS, HYDROPOWER, HYDROPOWER GENERATION, INCOME DISTRIBUTION, INFRASTRUCTURE ASSETS, INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT, INFRASTRUCTURE FINANCE, INFRASTRUCTURE FUNDING, INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT, INFRASTRUCTURE SERVICES, INFRASTRUCTURE SPENDING, INTERCONNECTION SERVICES, INTERNATIONAL TRAVEL, INVESTMENT DECISIONS, INVESTMENT TARGETS, JOINT VENTURE, JOURNEY, KILOWATT-HOUR, LOCOMOTIVE, MARGINAL COST, MARGINAL COSTS, MONOPOLY PROFITS, NATIONAL UTILITY, NATURAL RESOURCES, O&M, OPEN ACCESS, OPERATING EXPENDITURES, OPERATIONAL EFFICIENCY, OPERATIONAL PERFORMANCE, PERFORMANCE DATA, POPULATION CENTERS, POPULATION WITHOUT ACCESS, PORTS, POWER, POWER CONSUMPTION, POWER INVESTMENTS, POWER PRODUCTION, POWER SECTOR, POWER SHORTAGES, POWER TRADE, PRIVATE PARTICIPATION, PRIVATIZATION, PRIVATIZATION PROCESS, PRODUCTIVITY, PROVISION OF WATER, PUBLIC INFRASTRUCTURE, PUBLIC PRIVATE INFRASTRUCTURE, PUBLIC SECTOR, QUALITY OF SERVICE, RAIL, RAIL FREIGHT, RAIL NETWORK, RAIL OPERATOR, RAIL OPERATORS, RAIL SECTOR, RAIL SYSTEM, RAIL TRANSIT, RAIL TRANSPORT, RAIL TRANSPORTATION, RAILWAY, RAILWAYS, REGULATORY FRAMEWORK, REVENUE COLLECTION, ROAD, ROAD NETWORK, ROAD NETWORKS, ROAD SECTOR, ROAD TRAFFIC, ROAD TRANSPORT, ROADS, ROUTE, ROUTES, RURAL ELECTRIFICATION, SANITATION, SANITATION SOLUTIONS, SANITATION UTILITIES, SERVICE EXPANSION, SERVICE PROVISION, SPEEDS, STORAGE CAPACITY, SUPPLY COSTS, SURFACE WATER, TARIFF REGULATION, TRADE FLOWS, TRAFFIC, TRAFFIC DENSITY, TRAFFIC FLOWS, TRAFFIC LEVELS, TRAFFIC PLANNING, TRAFFIC VOLUMES, TRANSIT, TRANSPARENCY, TRANSPORT INDUSTRY, TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE, TRANSPORT MARKETS, TRANSPORT POLICY, TRANSPORT QUALITY, TRANSPORT SECTOR, TRANSPORTATION, TRAVEL TIME, URBAN ROAD, URBAN TRANSPORT, URBAN WATER, URBAN WATER SUPPLY, URBANIZATION, UTILITY BILL, UTILITY BILLS, UTILITY REVENUES, UTILITY SERVICES, VEHICLES, WATER CONSUMPTION, WATER QUALITY, WATER RESOURCE, WATER RESOURCES, WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT, WATER SCARCITY, WATER SECTOR, WATER SERVICES, WATER SOURCE, WATER STORAGE, WATER SUPPLY, WATER TARIFFS, WATER UTILITIES, WEALTH, WELLS