Gracilaria culture in China
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A number of agarophytes, including Gracilaria, Gelidium and others, have been used in China as marine vegetables or traditional medicinal herbs for over 1000 years. However, these seaweeds have became an industrially important raw material for processing agar only some decades ago. Agarophytes in China are mainly represented in three genera of Rhodophyta, Gracilaria, Porphyra and Gelidium. Among >30 species of agarophytes Gracilaria verrucosa, G. tenuistipitata, Gelidium amansii, Porphyra hait anensis are the major ones. (Table I, Plates 1 and 2). In addition, other red seaweeds, such as Pterocladia sp. Gelidiella sp. and Ceraminum sp. are often collected and mixed with the main agarophytes mentioned above and used for producing agar.