Unlocking Tropical Forest Complexity: How Tree Assemblages in Secondary Forests Boost Biodiversity Conservation

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dc.creatorSouza Oliveira, Maïri
dc.creatorLenormand, Maxime
dc.creatorLuque, Sandra
dc.creatorZamora, Nelson A.
dc.creatorAlleaume, Samuel
dc.creatorAguilar Porras, Adriana C.
dc.creatorCastillo, Marvin U.
dc.creatorChacón-Madrigal, Eduardo
dc.creatorDelgado, Diego
dc.creatorHernández Sánchez, Luis Gustavo
dc.creatorNgo-Bieng, Marie Ange
dc.creatorQuesada-Monge, Ruperto
dc.creatorSolano, Gilberth S.
dc.creatorZúñiga, Pedro M.
dc.date2026-01-09T17:17:14Z
dc.date2026-01-09T17:17:14Z
dc.date2025-11-10
dc.date.accessioned2026-06-09T02:19:10Z
dc.descriptionSecondary forests now dominate tropical landscapes and play a crucial role in achieving COP15 conservation objectives. This study develops a replicable national approach to identifying and characterising forest ecosystems, with a focus on the role of secondary forests. We hypothesised that dominant tree species in the forest canopy serve as reliable indicators for delineating forest ecosystems and untangling biodiversity complexity. Using national inventories, we identified in situ clusters through hierarchical clustering based on dominant species abundance dissimilarity, determined using the Importance Variable Index. These clusters were characterised by analysing species assemblages and their interactions. We then applied object-oriented Random Forest modelling, segmenting the national forest cover using NDVI to identify the forest ecosystems derived from in situ clusters. Freely available spectral (Sentinel-2) and environmental data were used in the model to delineate and characterise key forest ecosystems. We finished with an assessment of the distribution of secondary and old-growth forests within ecosystems. In Costa Rica, 495 dominant tree species defined 10 in situ clusters, with 7 main clusters successfully modelled. The modelling (F1-score: 0.73, macro F1-score: 0.58) and species-based characterisation highlighted the main ecological trends of these ecosystems, which are distinguished by specific species dominance, topography, climate, and vegetation dynamics, aligning with local forest classifications. The analysis of secondary forest distribution provided an initial assessment of ecosystem vulnerability by evaluating their role in forest maintenance and dynamics. This approach also underscored the major challenge of in situ data acquisition.
dc.format21 páginas
dc.formatapplication/pdf
dc.identifierhttps://repositorio.catie.ac.cr/handle/11554/14216
dc.identifieropenAccess
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/123456789/5007
dc.languageen
dc.relationEcology and Evolution
dc.relationhttps://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.72428
dc.subjectEcosistema forestal||forest ecosystems||undefined||écosystème forestier
dc.subjectBosque secundario||secondary forests||floresta secundária||forêt secondaire
dc.subjectCosta Rica||Costa Rica||Costa Rica||Costa Rica
dc.subjectInventarios forestales
dc.subjectForest inventories
dc.subjectGbf 2030 targets
dc.subjectHierarchical clustering
dc.subjectNetwork analysis
dc.subjectRandom forest
dc.subjectSentinel-2
dc.subjectSede Central
dc.subjectODS 15 - Vida de ecosistemas terrestres
dc.titleUnlocking Tropical Forest Complexity: How Tree Assemblages in Secondary Forests Boost Biodiversity Conservation
dc.typeArtículo

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