Urbanization and (In)Formalization

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dc.creatorKanbur, Ravi
dc.creatorGhani, Ejaz
dc.date2014-04-11T14:13:02Z
dc.date2014-04-11T14:13:02Z
dc.date2013-11
dc.date.accessioned2026-07-01T00:48:47Z
dc.descriptionInexorable urbanization and formalization have been the expectations in development discourse. Indeed, measures of urbanization and formalization have been provided and used as indicators of development. But while urbanization has proceeded apace in developing countries, formalization has slowed significantly over the past quarter century. These disconnect raises questions for development analysis and development policy. Why did one expect urbanization and formalization to go together in the first place? Is the link between urbanization and formalization more complex than what had once thought? What then explains the recent disconnect between urbanization and formalization? Is formalization a reasonable policy goal? May urbanization policies and formalization policies conflict? If so, what can be done to resolve the conflicts? These are the questions this paper addresses. The paper has three core sections. The first section asks what exactly is meant by formality and informality. The second section turns to urbanization processes and asks how they intersect with and interact with the incentives to formalize. The third section looks at policy. Each view of how urbanization feeds formalization has distinctive policy conclusions.
dc.formatapplication/pdf
dc.formattext/plain
dc.identifierhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2013/11/18868575/urbanization-formalization
dc.identifierhttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/17744
dc.identifierhttps://doi.org/10.1596/17744
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/123456789/411389
dc.languageEnglish
dc.languageen_US
dc.publisherWorld Bank, Washington, DC
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rightshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.subjectAGGLOMERATION ECONOMIES
dc.subjectBASIC SERVICES
dc.subjectCONCERN OF POLICY MAKERS
dc.subjectCREATING JOBS
dc.subjectDEVELOPING COUNTRIES
dc.subjectDEVELOPMENT POLICY
dc.subjectEARNING
dc.subjectECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectECONOMIC GROWTH
dc.subjectECOSYSTEM
dc.subjectEDUCATED MIGRANTS
dc.subjectEMPLOYMENT GROWTH
dc.subjectEMPLOYMENT RESEARCH
dc.subjectEMPLOYMENT SHARE
dc.subjectEMPLOYMENT SUBSIDIES
dc.subjectEXTERNALITIES
dc.subjectFIRM SIZE
dc.subjectFORMAL SECTOR WAGE
dc.subjectINCIDENCE OF POVERTY
dc.subjectINDUSTRIALIZATION
dc.subjectINFORMAL ECONOMY
dc.subjectINFORMAL EMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectINFORMAL SECTOR
dc.subjectINFRASTRUCTURE SERVICES
dc.subjectINTENSIVE INDUSTRIES
dc.subjectJOB CREATION
dc.subjectJOBS
dc.subjectLABOR COSTS
dc.subjectLABOR FORCE
dc.subjectLABOR LAWS
dc.subjectLABOR MARKET
dc.subjectLABOR MARKET RIGIDITIES
dc.subjectLABOR MARKETS
dc.subjectLABOR PRODUCTIVITY
dc.subjectLABOR REGULATIONS
dc.subjectLABOUR
dc.subjectLAND USE
dc.subjectLAND USE REGULATIONS
dc.subjectLARGE CITIES
dc.subjectLARGE POPULATION
dc.subjectLEVELS OF PRODUCTIVITY
dc.subjectLIVING CONDITIONS
dc.subjectLOCAL INFRASTRUCTURE
dc.subjectLOCAL POPULATION
dc.subjectLOCATION DECISIONS
dc.subjectMANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES
dc.subjectMETROPOLITAN AREAS
dc.subjectMIGRANTS
dc.subjectMINIMUM WAGE
dc.subjectMODERNIZATION
dc.subjectNATIONAL AUTHORITIES
dc.subjectNEWSLETTER
dc.subjectOCCUPATIONS
dc.subjectPACE OF URBANIZATION
dc.subjectPAYING JOBS
dc.subjectPERMANENT SETTLEMENT
dc.subjectPLANT PRODUCTIVITY
dc.subjectPOLICY DISCUSSIONS
dc.subjectPOLICY IMPLICATIONS
dc.subjectPOLICY MAKERS
dc.subjectPOLICY RESEARCH
dc.subjectPOLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER
dc.subjectPOLICY RESPONSE
dc.subjectPOPULATION DENSITY
dc.subjectPOPULATION INCREASES
dc.subjectPRODUCTIVITY GAINS
dc.subjectPRODUCTIVITY GROWTH
dc.subjectPROGRESS
dc.subjectPROPERTY RIGHTS
dc.subjectPURCHASING POWER
dc.subjectPURCHASING POWER PARITY
dc.subjectROADS
dc.subjectRURAL AREAS
dc.subjectRURAL DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectRURAL EMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectRURAL POPULATION
dc.subjectRURAL POVERTY
dc.subjectSAFETY NET
dc.subjectSANITATION
dc.subjectSELF EMPLOYED
dc.subjectSERVICE DELIVERY
dc.subjectSKILLED WORKERS
dc.subjectSLUMS
dc.subjectSMALL ENTERPRISES
dc.subjectSOCIAL COHESION
dc.subjectSOCIAL POLICY
dc.subjectSOCIAL PROGRAMS
dc.subjectSTEEL FACTORY
dc.subjectSUPPLIERS
dc.subjectTAXATION
dc.subjectTOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY
dc.subjectTRANSPORTATION
dc.subjectUNEMPLOYED
dc.subjectUNEMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectURBAN
dc.subjectURBAN AREA
dc.subjectURBAN AREAS
dc.subjectURBAN DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectURBAN EMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectURBAN MIGRATION
dc.subjectURBAN POLICIES
dc.subjectURBAN POPULATION
dc.subjectURBAN POPULATIONS
dc.subjectURBAN POVERTY
dc.subjectURBAN RESEARCH
dc.subjectURBAN SECTOR
dc.subjectURBAN SERVICES
dc.subjectURBAN SETTLEMENTS
dc.subjectURBAN UNEMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectURBANIZATION
dc.subjectVULNERABILITY
dc.subjectWORKER
dc.subjectWORKFORCE
dc.subjectYOUNG MEN
dc.titleUrbanization and (In)Formalization

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