Tackling HIV-related Stigma and
            Discrimination in South Asia

Stangl, Anne; Carr, Dara; Brady, Laura; Eckhaus, Traci; Claeson, Mariam; Nyblade, Laura

Tackling HIV-related Stigma and Discrimination in South Asia

Autores

Editor

World Bank

Descripción

Although HIV prevalence in South Asia is relatively low, the epidemic is growing among marginalized groups, including sex workers, injection drug users, men who have sex with men, and transgender communities. Despite prevention and other efforts to reduce high-risk behaviors such as unprotected sex, buying and selling of sex, and injecting drug use, HIV vulnerability and risk remain high. This problem is partly due to a widespread failure to respond adequately to key social drivers of HIV: stigma and discrimination. Stigmatizing attitudes in the general population and discriminatory treatment by actors ranging from health providers to local policy makers intensify the marginalization of vulnerable groups at highest risk, driving them further from the reach of health services and much-needed prevention, treatment, care, and support. Daily harassment and abuse also cause health problems and adversely affect mental health, thereby leading to depression, social isolation, and an array of adverse socioeconomic outcomes related to HIV and AIDS. The South Asia Region Development Marketplace1 (SARDM) took an innovative and unique approach to addressing these gaps and needs through its 2008 development marketplace, "tackling HIV and AIDS stigma and discrimination." Part one of this reports describes key findings and lessons learned that emerged across the 26 implementers. Part two contains case studies for six of the implementers, offering a more in-depth look at the lessons and challenges of intervening against stigma and discrimination. Part three provides summaries of all 26 projects.

Palabras clave

ABUSE, ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME, ADOLESCENTS, ADVOCACY CAMPAIGN, ADVOCACY CAMPAIGNS, ADVOCACY EFFORTS, AID, AIDS AWARENESS, AIDS CONTROL, AIDS CONTROL PROJECT, AIDS HIV, AIDS PREVENTION, AIDS PROGRAMS, AIDS STIGMA, AWARENESSRAISING, BEHAVIOR CHANGE, BISEXUAL, CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANIZATIONS, COMMUNITY ACTION, COMMUNITY HEALTH, CONDEMNATION, CONDOM, CONDOM USE, CONDOMS, CRIME, DECISION MAKING, DEPRESSION, DIGNITY, DISCRIMINATION, DISCRIMINATORY LAWS, DISCRIMINATORY TREATMENT, DISEASE, DISEASES, DISSEMINATION, DIVERSE GROUPS, DOCTORS, DRUG USER, DRUGS, ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT, ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES, ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITY, EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES, EPIDEMIC, EPIDEMIOLOGY, FAMILIES, FAMILY GUIDANCE ASSOCIATION, FAMILY MEMBERS, FAMILY PLANNING, FAMILY PLANNING ASSOCIATION, FATHER, FEMALE, FEMALE SEX WORKERS, FOCUS GROUP DISCUSSIONS, GENDER, GENDER INEQUALITY, GLOBAL AIDS PROGRAM, GOVERNMENT OFFICES, GOVERNMENT SUPPORT, HARM REDUCTION, HEALTH CARE, HEALTH CARE PROFESSIONALS, HEALTH CARE PROVIDERS, HEALTH CARE SERVICES, HEALTH EDUCATION, HEALTH EXPERTS, HEALTH MESSAGES, HEALTH POLICIES, HEALTH PROBLEMS, HEALTH PROFESSIONALS, HEALTH PROMOTION, HEALTH PROVIDERS, HEALTH SERVICES, HEALTH WORKERS, HEALTHY LIFE, HIGH-RISK BEHAVIORS, HIV, HIV INFECTION, HIV INFECTIONS, HIV PREVENTION, HIV TRANSMISSION, HIV/AIDS, HOSPITAL, HUMAN DEVELOPMENT, HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS, HUMAN RIGHTS, IMMUNODEFICIENCY, INCLUSION, INJECTING DRUG USE, INJECTING DRUG USERS, INJECTION DRUG, INJECTION DRUG USERS, INTERNATIONAL CENTER FOR RESEARCH ON WOMEN, INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON AIDS, INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION, INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION, INTERVENTION, JOBS, JOURNALISTS, LACK OF AWARENESS, LACK OF CAPACITY, LEGAL STATUS, LOCAL AUTHORITIES, MALARIA, MASS MEDIA, MEDICAL STAFF, MEDICINE, MENTAL, MENTAL HEALTH, MINORITIES, MINORITY, NATIONAL AIDS, NATIONAL AIDS CONTROL, NATIONAL PRIORITY, NEEDLES, NURSING, OPINION LEADERS, PEER EDUCATION, PERSONALITY, POLICY GUIDANCE, POLICY MAKERS, POLITICAL PARTY, POPULATION REFERENCE BUREAU, PRACTITIONERS, PRESS CONFERENCE, PROGRESS, PROSTITUTES, PSYCHOLOGY, PUBLIC DISCUSSION, PUBLIC HEALTH, PUBLIC OPINION, QUALITY CONTROL, QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH, RADIO, RADIO PROGRAM, RECOMMENDATIONS FOR ACTION, REHABILITATION, RELIGIOUS LEADERS, REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH, RESPECT, RIGHTS ORGANIZATIONS, ROLE MODELS, RURAL AREAS, SCREENING, SELF-ESTEEM, SENSITIVE ISSUES, SENSITIVE SUBJECT, SENSITIVE TOPICS, SEX, SEX WITH MEN, SEX WORK, SEX WORKER, SEX WORKER COMMUNITIES, SEX WORKER ORGANIZATIONS, SEX WORKERS, SEXUAL ORIENTATION, SEXUALITY, SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTION, SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS, SOCIAL CHANGE, SOCIAL EXCLUSION, SOCIAL ISOLATION, SOCIAL SERVICE, SOCIAL SERVICES, SOCIAL STRUCTURE, SOCIAL WORK, SOCIETIES, SOCIETY, SPECIALIST, STEREOTYPES, STREET THEATER, SUPPORT FOR PEOPLE, TABOO, TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE, TECHNICAL SKILLS, TECHNICAL SUPPORT, TELEVISION, THERAPY, TOLERANCE, TRADITIONAL MEDIA, TRANSMISSION, TREATMENT SERVICES, TUBERCULOSIS, TV, UNAIDS, UNPROTECTED SEX, URBAN CENTERS, VIOLENCE, VOLUNTARY COUNSELING, VULNERABILITY, VULNERABLE GROUPS, VULNERABLE POPULATIONS, WASTE, WOMAN, WORKPLACE, WORTH, YOUTH