Civic Engagement in Procurement : A Review of Eight International Case Studies
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World Bank, Washington, DC
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Procurement monitoring is a relatively
new field for civic engagement. This paper is a collection
of eight selected cases studies which aim to provide
examples of practices that have emerged globally in recent
years. The objective is not to offer 'blueprints'
or ready-made solutions to the challenge of civic
monitoring, but rather to highlight some of the broader
complexities underpinning the successful development of new
approaches. The cases studies are designed to explore how
different mechanisms of civic engagement are forged within
specific social and political contexts, and, more
importantly, how the nature of such engagement changes over
time. In particular, the studies focus on understanding the
driving forces behind the process as it evolved the impact
of the intervention, and the potential for replication at
greater scale. While each case study can be viewed as a
'standalone' example, it is also important to
emphasize the value of the collection in terms of developing
the discussion of common principles of civic engagement in procurement.
Palabras clave
ABORTION, ABUSE, ACCESS TO INFORMATION LAW, ACCOUNTABILITY, ACCOUNTABILITY MEASURES, ACCOUNTABILITY MECHANISMS, ACCOUNTING, ACCOUNTING RECORDS, ADMINISTRATIVE SANCTIONS, ALLOCATION OF RESOURCES, ANTI CORRUPTION, ANTI-CORRUPTION, ANTICORRUPTION, ANTICORRUPTION AGENCIES, ANTICORRUPTION MEASURES, ANTICORRUPTION REFORM, ANTICORRUPTION STRATEGY, ANTICORRUPTION WORK, ASSETS, AUDITOR, BIDDING, BRIBE, BRIBERY, BRIBES, BUDGET INFORMATION, BUDGET SYSTEM, BUDGET TRANSPARENCY, BUDGETARY ALLOCATION, BUREAUCRACY, CENTRAL GOVERNMENT, CITIZEN, CITIZEN PARTICIPATION, CITIZENS, CIVIL PARTICIPATION, CIVIL SOCIETY, CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANIZATION, CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANIZATIONS, COALITIONS, COLLECTIVE ACTION, COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY, COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION, COMPETITIVE BIDDING, COMPLAINT, COMPLAINTS, CONFIDENCE, CONFLICT OF INTEREST, CONFLICTS OF INTEREST, CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEES, CONSENSUS, CORRUPT, CRISES, CRONIES, DECENTRALIZATION, DECISION MAKING, DECISION MAKING PROCESS, DECISION-MAKING, DECISION-MAKING PROCESS, DECREES, DEMOCRACY, DEMOCRATIZATION, DISCLOSURE, DISCLOSURE OF INFORMATION, DISCRETION, DISTRICTS, ECONOMIC GROWTH, EMERGENCY CONTRACEPTION, EXECUTION, EXERCISES, EXPENDITURE, EXPENDITURE MANAGEMENT, EXTORTION, FIGHTING CORRUPTION, FINANCIAL SERVICES, FINANCIAL SUPPORT, FREEDOM OF INFORMATION, FREEDOM OF INFORMATION LAW, GOOD GOVERNANCE, GOVERNANCE PROCESSES, GOVERNANCE PROGRAM, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES, GOVERNMENT AGENCY, GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES, GOVERNMENT INFORMATION, GOVERNMENT PERFORMANCE, GOVERNMENT POLICIES, GOVERNMENT PROGRAMS, GOVERNMENT REVENUES, GOVERNMENT SERVICES, GOVERNMENT TRANSPARENCY, GOVERNMENT TRUST, GOVERNMENT'S BUDGET, GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATION, HEALTH CARE, HEALTH SERVICES, HOSPITALS, HUMAN RIGHTS, IMPROPER ADVANTAGE, INCOME, INCOME DISTRIBUTION, INITIATIVE, INSTITUTIONALIZATION, INTEGRITY, INTERNATIONAL AGENCIES, INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT, INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS, INTERVENTION, INVESTIGATION, INVESTIGATIONS, LACK OF TRANSPARENCY, LACK OF TRANSPARENCY AND ACCOUNTABILITY, LAWS, LAWYERS, LEADERSHIP, LEGAL FRAMEWORK, LEGISLATORS, LEGITIMACY, LEVELS OF GOVERNMENT, LOCAL AUTHORITIES, LOCAL BODIES, LOCAL COMMUNITIES, LOCAL COMMUNITY, LOCAL GOVERNMENT, LOCAL GOVERNMENTS, LOCAL MEDIA, LOCAL ORGANIZATIONS, MARKETING, MEDIA, MEDIA ORGANIZATION, MEDICINES, MINISTER, MINISTRY OF FINANCE, MISAPPROPRIATED FUNDS, MONITORING TOOLS, MORTALITY, MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENTS, MUNICIPAL SERVICES, MUNICIPALITY, NATIONAL LEVEL, NATIONS, PATIENTS, PERFORMANCE STANDARDS, POLICE, POLICE FORCE, POLITICAL LEADERSHIP, POLITICAL PARTIES, POLITICIANS, POSTERS, PREGNANCY, PREGNANT WOMEN, PRIVATE SECTOR PARTICIPATION, PRIVATIZATION, PROCUREMENT, PROCUREMENT POLICY, PROCUREMENTS, PUBLIC AFFAIRS, PUBLIC CONTRACTS, PUBLIC EXPENDITURE, PUBLIC FINANCE, PUBLIC FUNDS, PUBLIC GOVERNANCE, PUBLIC HEARINGS, PUBLIC INFORMATION, PUBLIC OFFICIALS, PUBLIC PROCUREMENT, PUBLIC PROCUREMENT SYSTEM, PUBLIC SECTOR, PUBLIC SERVICE, PUBLIC SPENDING, REGULATORY AUTHORITY, REGULATORY BODY, REPRESENTATIVES, RESEARCH PROGRAM, SANCTIONS, SCANDAL, SERVICE DELIVERY, SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT, SOCIAL POLICY, SOCIAL PROBLEMS, STATE AGENCIES, STATE GOVERNMENTS, TAX EVASION, TELEPHONE LINES, TELEVISION, TRANSPARENCY, VESTED INTERESTS, WASTE, WORKERS