Nigeria Agriculture and Rural Poverty : A Policy Note
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Washington, DC
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The Nigerian labor force, like that of
many countries in Africa, is heavily concentrated in
agriculture. According to World Bank reports, the
agricultural sector in Nigeria grew by about 6.8 percent
annually from 2005-2009. This report focuses on the
characteristics of the agricultural sector and rural
households in Nigeria, and their implications for poverty.
This report examines the relationships using nationally
representative data from the general household survey panel
(GHS), 2010-11. It was found that an elasticity of poverty
reduction with respect to agricultural productivity of
between 0.25 to 0.3 percent implying that a 10 percent
increase in agricultural productivity will decrease the
likelihood of being poor by between 2.5 and 3 percent.
Agriculture in Nigeria is varied across regions, and, not
surprisingly, most households involved in the sector reside
in rural areas. The report is organized as follows: section
one gives introduction. Section two gives brief description
of selected agricultural programs and the targets of
government expenditure in the sector in recent decades.
Section three presents detailed profile of rural households
and the composition of economic activities with a particular
focus on agriculture. Section four examines the determinants
of agricultural productivity, and highlights the factors
(land ownership, input use, labor, plot management, land
tenure, and household characteristics) most important for
small-holder productivity. Section five concludes.
Palabras clave
AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES, AGRICULTURAL ADVICE, AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION, AGRICULTURAL LAND, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY, AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH, AGRICULTURAL SEASON, AGRICULTURAL SECTOR, AGRICULTURE, ANIMAL TRACTION, CASH CROPS, CENTRAL REGION, CHILD LABOR, COMMERCIAL FARMERS, CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURE, CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURES, CONSUMPTION QUINTILES, COPING STRATEGY, COST EFFECTIVENESS, CREDIT ACCESS, CROP PRODUCTION, CROP SELECTION, DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH GROUP, DISTRIBUTION CHANNELS, DISTRIBUTION OF LAND, DIVERSIFICATION, ECOLOGICAL ZONES, EXPLANATORY VARIABLES, FAMILY MEMBERS, FARM ACTIVITY, FARM HOUSEHOLDS, FARM INCOME, FARM LABOR, FARM SECTOR, FARM TECHNOLOGIES, FARMER, FARMLAND, FEMALE-HEADED HOUSEHOLDS, FOOD AVAILABILITY, FOOD PRICES, FOOD SECURITY, GOVERNMENT POLICIES, HOUSEHOLD COMPOSITION, HOUSEHOLD DEMOGRAPHICS, HOUSEHOLD HEAD, HOUSEHOLD HEADS, HOUSEHOLD INCOME, HOUSEHOLD LEVEL, HOUSEHOLD PLOTS, HOUSEHOLD SIZE, HOUSEHOLD SURVEY, HOUSEHOLDS WITH LIVESTOCK, IDIOSYNCRATIC ERROR, IMPACT ON POVERTY, INCIDENCE OF POVERTY, INCOME, INCOME DATA, INCOME SHARES, INCOME-GENERATING ACTIVITIES, INCREASED AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY, INSURANCE, IRRIGATION, LACK OF INFORMATION, LAND ACQUISITION, LAND DEGRADATION, LAND HOLDINGS, LAND OWNERSHIP, LAND QUALITY, LAND SIZE, LAND TENURE, LANDHOLDINGS, LIVESTOCK ACTIVITIES, LIVESTOCK INCOME, LIVESTOCK OWNERSHIP, LIVING STANDARDS, NATIONAL POVERTY, NATIONAL POVERTY LINE, NATURAL RESOURCES MANAGEMENT, NET INCOME, NONFARM ENTERPRISES, NONFARM INCOME, OUTPUT MARKETS, PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION, POOR, POOR FARM HOUSEHOLDS, POOR HOUSEHOLD, POOR HOUSEHOLDS, POOR PEOPLE, POORER HOUSEHOLDS, POVERTY ALLEVIATION, POVERTY INCIDENCE, POVERTY LEVELS, POVERTY MEASURE, POVERTY MEASURES, POVERTY RATE, POVERTY RATES, POVERTY REDUCTION, POVERTY STATUS, POVERTY THRESHOLD, PUBLIC EXPENDITURE PROGRAMS, REDUCTION IN POVERTY, REGIONAL DIFFERENCES, REGIONAL VARIATION, REGRESSORS, RISK MANAGEMENT, ROADS, RURAL, RURAL ACTIVITIES, RURAL ACTIVITY, RURAL AREAS, RURAL COMMUNITIES, RURAL DEVELOPMENT, RURAL ELECTRIFICATION, RURAL EMPLOYMENT, RURAL FARM, RURAL HOUSEHOLD, RURAL HOUSEHOLDS, RURAL INCOMES, RURAL INFRASTRUCTURE, RURAL POOR, RURAL POOR HOUSEHOLDS, RURAL POVERTY, SHEEP, SMALL-SCALE IRRIGATION, SMALLHOLDER FARMERS, SUBSISTENCE, TARGETING, TRANSPORT, WAGE EARNERS