Innovation and Development around the World, 1960-2000

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dc.creatorSaenz, Laura
dc.creatorLederman, Daniel
dc.date2012-06-20T20:14:04Z
dc.date2012-06-20T20:14:04Z
dc.date2005-11
dc.date.accessioned2026-07-01T01:30:38Z
dc.descriptionThe authors present a database of indicators of innovative activity around the world since the early 1960s. The data include measures of innovation outcomes as well as variables related to innovation effort. The main indicator of innovation outputs is patents. The main variables related to innovation inputs are investment in research and development (R&D) and technical personnel (engineers, scientists) working in R&D activities. The sources of these data are publicly available (OECD, UNESCO, etc.), yet there have been few attempts at double checking the consistency of these data and digitizing observations dating back to the 1960s. After discussing the sources and definitions of the data, the authors examine trends and patterns of innovation outputs and inputs by looking at the over-time behavior of the relevant series and comparing the performance of developing and high-income countries. They also provide cross-regional comparisons and a detailed examination of trends in selected countries. In turn, the authors provide estimates of the impact of innovation on long-run development by following an emerging empirical literature on the determinants of levels of GDP per capita. The econometric results suggest that innovation might indeed have strong positive effects on long-run development, which might be stronger than the direct effects of institutions. The analysis pays close attention to issues related to the potential endogeneity of innovation (and institutions) with respect to the level of development.
dc.formatapplication/pdf
dc.formattext/plain
dc.identifierhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2005/11/6421846/innovation-development-around-world-1960-2000
dc.identifierhttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/8576
dc.identifierhttps://doi.org/10.1596/1813-9450-3774
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/123456789/418754
dc.languageEnglish
dc.publisherWorld Bank, Washington, DC
dc.relationPolicy Research Working Paper; No. 3774
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rightshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo
dc.rightsWorld Bank
dc.subjectABSOLUTE VALUE
dc.subjectACADEMIC ATTENTION
dc.subjectAGRICULTURE
dc.subjectCAPITAL ACCUMULATION
dc.subjectCONSTANT RETURNS
dc.subjectCONSTANT RETURNS TO SCALE
dc.subjectCORRELATIONS
dc.subjectCOUNTRY-SPECIFIC TRENDS
dc.subjectCROSS-COUNTRY DIFFERENCES
dc.subjectDATA SET
dc.subjectDEPENDENT VARIABLE
dc.subjectDEVELOPED COUNTRIES
dc.subjectDEVELOPED ECONOMIES
dc.subjectDEVELOPING COUNTRIES
dc.subjectDEVELOPMENT OUTCOMES
dc.subjectDIMINISHING RETURNS
dc.subjectECONOMETRIC ANALYSIS
dc.subjectECONOMIC GROWTH
dc.subjectECONOMIC TRANSFORMATION
dc.subjectEMPIRICAL EVIDENCE
dc.subjectEMPIRICAL LITERATURE
dc.subjectENDOGENOUS GROWTH
dc.subjectENDOGENOUS VARIABLES
dc.subjectEXOGENOUS VARIABLES
dc.subjectEXPERIMENTS
dc.subjectEXPLANATORY VARIABLE
dc.subjectEXPLANATORY VARIABLES
dc.subjectEXPLORATION
dc.subjectEXTERNALITIES
dc.subjectFINANCIAL DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectFINANCING OF R&D
dc.subjectFUTURE RESEARCH
dc.subjectGDP
dc.subjectGDP PER CAPITA
dc.subjectGROWTH MODELS
dc.subjectGROWTH RATE
dc.subjectGROWTH RATES
dc.subjectGROWTH REGRESSIONS
dc.subjectGROWTH THEORIES
dc.subjectGROWTH THEORY
dc.subjectHIGHER EDUCATION
dc.subjectHIGHER LEVELS OF R&D
dc.subjectHUMAN CAPITAL
dc.subjectINCOME
dc.subjectINCOME LEVELS
dc.subjectINCREASING SHARE
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL COMPARISONS
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL TRADE
dc.subjectINVESTMENT IN R&D
dc.subjectINVESTMENT IN RESEARCH
dc.subjectLATIN AMERICAN
dc.subjectLEVEL OF R&D
dc.subjectMEASUREMENT ERROR
dc.subjectMETHODOLOGY
dc.subjectMORTALITY RATES
dc.subjectNATIONAL ECONOMIES
dc.subjectNATIONAL R&D
dc.subject0 HYPOTHESIS
dc.subjectOBSERVED GROWTH
dc.subjectPATENTS
dc.subjectPOLICY INTERVENTIONS
dc.subjectPOLICY RESEARCH
dc.subjectPOOR COUNTRIES
dc.subjectPOSITIVE EFFECTS
dc.subjectPOSITIVE IMPACT
dc.subjectPRIVATE SECTOR
dc.subjectPRODUCTIVE SECTOR
dc.subjectPRODUCTIVITY GROWTH
dc.subjectPROPERTY RIGHTS
dc.subjectPUBLIC ENTERPRISES
dc.subjectPUBLIC EXPENDITURES
dc.subjectPUBLIC INSTITUTIONS
dc.subjectPUBLIC SECTOR
dc.subjectR&D
dc.subjectR&D EXPENDITURE
dc.subjectR&D FUNDING
dc.subjectR&D INVESTMENT
dc.subjectR&D INVESTMENTS
dc.subjectR&D PERSONNEL
dc.subjectR&D VARIABLES
dc.subjectR&D ­ INVESTMENTS
dc.subjectREAL GDP
dc.subjectREGIONAL COVERAGE
dc.subjectREGRESSION RESULTS
dc.subjectRESEARCH AGENDA
dc.subjectRESEARCH INSTITUTIONS
dc.subjectRESEARCH WORKING PAPERS
dc.subjectRESEARCHERS
dc.subjectROLE OF R&D
dc.subjectSHARE OF R&D
dc.subjectSIGNIFICANT CORRELATION
dc.subjectSIMULATIONS
dc.subjectSPECIFICATION TESTS
dc.subjectSUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
dc.subjectTECHNIQUES
dc.subjectTOTAL R&D
dc.subjectTRANSITION ECONOMIES
dc.subjectVALIDITY
dc.subjectMicrodata Set
dc.titleInnovation and Development around the World, 1960-2000

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