Well-being from Work in the Pacific Island Countries
No hay miniatura disponible
Fecha
Autores
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Washington, DC
Resumen
Descripción
In the Pacific island countries, which
are small and far from world markets, labor mobility
represents the most significant and substantial opportunity
for overcoming geographic constraints on employment. This
report presents a brief overview of employment challenges in
small Pacific island countries and recommendations for
addressing them. The report contributes to an ongoing World
Bank analytical program examining the linkages between
employment and well-being around the world, begun with the
World Development Report 2013: jobs. Discussion in this
report relates to Pacific island states, with populations of
significantly less than one million, including Solomon
Islands, Vanuatu, Samoa, Tonga, Tuvalu, Kiribati, Republic
of Marshall Islands, Federated States of Micronesia, and
Palau. Economic growth and diversification has been very
limited in these countries because of the barriers imposed
by smallness and distance, and these barriers will not be
quickly overcome. This report provides five priorities that
are likely to be broadly applicable to the unique group of
countries. First, stakeholders' expectations about the
trajectory of development will need to be realistic. Second,
the volume of international labor mobility should be
increased through the erosion of regulatory barriers and
investment in transferable human capital. Third, governments
can work to harness the positive potential of urbanization
through investment in improved rural services, connective
infrastructure, and improved urban administration. Fourth,
productive public spending can be used as a mechanism for
creating new employment opportunities. Finally, policies can
ensure that natural resource industries provide a
sustainable source of employment creation.
Palabras clave
ACCESS TO EMPLOYMENT, ACCOUNTING, AGE YOUTH, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION, BARRIERS TO WOMEN, BASIC NEEDS, CENSUSES, CITIZENS, CITIZENSHIP, CREATING OPPORTUNITIES, DEMOGRAPHIC CHANGE, DEMOGRAPHIC TRENDS, DEPENDENT CHILDREN, DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE, DEVELOPMENT EXPENDITURE, DEVELOPMENT POLICIES, DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES, DISPLACEMENT, DRIVERS, DRUGS, EARNING, EARTHQUAKE, ECONOMIC BENEFITS, ECONOMIC CHANGES, ECONOMIC COSTS, ECONOMIC FREEDOM, ECONOMIC GROWTH, ECONOMIC INTEGRATION, ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES, ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITY, EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT, EDUCATIONAL OPPORTUNITIES, ELDERLY, EMPLOYMENT CREATION, EMPLOYMENT GENERATION, EMPLOYMENT GROWTH, EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES, EMPLOYMENT PATTERNS, EMPLOYMENT STRATEGIES, EQUITABLE ACCESS, EXPORT MARKETS, EXTERNALITIES, FACTOR MARKETS, FAMILIES WITH MEMBERS, FAMILY MEMBERS, FAMILY STRUCTURES, FERTILITY, FERTILITY RATES, FOOD INSECURITY, GENDER BALANCE, GENDER DIFFERENCES, GENDER DISPARITIES, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES, GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT, HOUSEHOLD INCOME, HOUSEHOLD WORK, HUMAN CAPITAL, HUMAN DEVELOPMENT, HUMAN SETTLEMENTS, IMMIGRANT, IMMIGRANTS, IMMIGRATION, IMMIGRATION POLICIES, INCOME INEQUALITY, INFORMAL EMPLOYMENT, INFORMAL SECTOR, INNOVATIONS, INTERNATIONAL ASSISTANCE, INTERNATIONAL MOBILITY, JOB OPPORTUNITIES, JOBS, LABOR FORCE, LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION, LABOR MARKET, LABOR MARKET POLICIES, LABOR MARKET REGULATION, LABOR MARKETS, LABOR MOBILITY, LABOR PRODUCTIVITY, LABOR REGULATION, LABOR REGULATIONS, LABOR SHORTAGES, LABOR SUPPLY, LABOUR, LACK OF KNOWLEDGE, LAND OWNERSHIP, LANGUAGE PROFICIENCY, LARGE POPULATIONS, LEGAL PROTECTION, LEVELS OF EDUCATION, LIMITED PROSPECTS, LIVING STANDARDS, LOCAL ECONOMY, LONG-TERM MIGRANTS, LOWER FERTILITY, MALE WORKERS, MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS, MASS MEDIA, MIGRANT, MIGRANT WORKERS, MIGRANT-SENDING COUNTRIES, MIGRANTS, MINIMUM WAGES, MUNICIPAL AUTHORITIES, NATIONAL BOUNDARIES, NATURAL RESOURCE, NATURAL RESOURCES, NUMBER OF PEOPLE, NUMBER OF WORKERS, OCCUPATIONS, OPPORTUNITIES FOR WOMEN, PACE OF URBANIZATION, PEACEKEEPING, PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT, POLICY DISCUSSIONS, POLICY MAKERS, POPULATION CONCENTRATION, POPULATION GROWTH, POPULATION PRESSURES, POPULATION SIZE, PRIMARY SOURCE, PRIVATE SECTOR, PRIVATE SECTOR ACTIVITY, PRODUCTION FACILITIES, PRODUCTIVE ACTIVITIES, PRODUCTIVE WORK, PRODUCTIVITY GAINS, PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH, PRODUCTIVITY IMPROVEMENTS, PROVIDENT FUNDS, PROVISION OF SERVICES, PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT, PUBLIC SECTOR EMPLOYEES, PUBLIC SECTOR EMPLOYMENT, PUBLIC SECTOR JOB, PUBLIC SECTOR JOBS, PUBLIC SECTOR WORKERS, PUBLIC SERVICE, PUBLIC SERVICE EMPLOYMENT, PUBLIC SERVICES, QUALITY OF SERVICES, RAPID POPULATION GROWTH, RATES OF GROWTH, REAL WAGE, REGULATORY BARRIERS, REMITTANCE, REMITTANCES, RENTS, RESPECT, RETURN MIGRATION, RURAL AREAS, RURAL DEVELOPMENT, RURAL POPULATION, RURAL POPULATION GROWTH, RURAL POPULATIONS, RURAL PRODUCERS, SAFETY NET, SANITATION, SCHOOL ATTENDANCE, SEASONAL LABOR, SEASONAL WORKERS, SERVANTS, SERVICE DELIVERY, SERVICE INDUSTRIES, SERVICE INDUSTRY, SERVICE QUALITY, SERVICE SECTORS, SEXUAL EXPLOITATION, SHARE OF WORK, SLOWER POPULATION GROWTH, SMALL BUSINESSES, SMALL COUNTRIES, SOCIAL COHESION, SOCIAL MOBILITY, SOCIAL PROBLEMS, SOCIAL SERVICES, SOCIAL WELFARE, SPOUSES, STATE-OWNED ENTERPRISE, SUBSISTENCE FARMING, SUBSTANCE ABUSE, SUPPLY CHAINS, SUSTAINABLE ECONOMIC GROWTH, TEMPORARY WORK, TEMPORARY WORKER, TERTIARY EDUCATION, TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY, TRAINING OPPORTUNITIES, UNEMPLOYMENT, UNEMPLOYMENT RATES, UNSKILLED LABOR, URBAN AREAS, URBAN CENTER, URBAN CENTERS, URBAN DEVELOPMENT, URBAN EMPLOYMENT, URBAN MIGRATION, URBAN POPULATION, URBAN POPULATIONS, URBANIZATION, USE OF RESOURCES, WOMEN MIGRANTS, WORKER, WORKFORCE, WORKING-AGE POPULATION, YOUNG PEOPLE, YOUNG POPULATIONS, YOUNG WORKERS, YOUTH UNEMPLOYMENT