Response of corn hybrids to aflatoxins and charcoal rot under limited irrigation conditions

Manuel  Alvarado Carrillo; Arturo  Díaz Franco; Flor Elena  Ortiz Cháirez

Response of corn hybrids to aflatoxins and charcoal rot under limited irrigation conditions

Autores

Manuel Alvarado Carrillo

Arturo Díaz Franco

Flor Elena Ortiz Cháirez

Editor

Universidad Autónoma Chapingo

Descripción

The shortage of water in the reservoirs of northern Tamaulipas can cause a decrease in yield and phytosanitary problems such as aflatoxins (Aspergillus flavus) and charcoal rot (Macrophomina phaseolina) in corn production. The aim of the study was to determine the response of 10 commercial corn hybrids to aflatoxins and charcoal rot, and in terms of yield, under limited irrigation conditions with two irrigation applications. The evaluated hybrids were: Gorila, Gstar 8802, DK 3000, Pionner 30P49, P3097, Syngenta 8285, Pionner 30R50, Canguro, Garañón and Tech Ag 8535. The variables measured were plant height, yield, charcoal rot incidence, water use efficiency, and grain protein and aflatoxin contamination level. The corn hybrids showed a similar response in aflatoxin contamination level, grain protein and yield, averaging 2.8 μg·kg-1, 6.9 % and 7,318 kg·ha-1, respectively. Although Garañón had the highest water use efficiency value (2.31 kg·m-3), DK 3000, 30R50 and Canguro recorded the lowest charcoal rot incidence (25-35 %). In general, the corn hybrids showed good productivity with limited irrigation; however, charcoal rot may pose a threat to production.