Improving Water Management in Rainfed Agriculture : Issues and Options in Water-Constrained Production Systems
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Washington, DC
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Due to climate change and increasing
food prices, emphasis needs to be placed on addressing water
management as a key determinant for agricultural production
and productivity. However, governments and donors have
tended to pay relatively little attention to this area, and
investments remain low. This report, which is based on
economic and sector work carried out in the Water Anchor of
the World Bank, highlights the importance of improving water
management in rainfed agriculture, with a focus on those
production systems where water is a main constraint. It
provides a synthesis of the state-of-the-art thinking and
experience. Considering the various issues that are
currently preventing further upscaling of these measures,
and better evaluation of the feasibility of applying
particular measures or combination of measures, the report
proposes options and recommendations for interventions to
help overcome these issues. In doing so, the report aims to
stimulate discussion and encourage new thinking among World
Bank staff and counterparts in client countries who work on
enhancing agricultural productivity and livelihoods in
rainfed agriculture through improved water management and
related interventions.
Palabras clave
ACCESS TO CREDIT, ACCESS TO MARKETS, ACTUAL RAINFALL, ADVERSE EFFECTS, AFDB, AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT, AGRICULTURAL EMPLOYMENT, AGRICULTURAL INDUSTRY, AGRICULTURAL INNOVATIONS, AGRICULTURAL INTENSIFICATION, AGRICULTURAL INVESTMENT, AGRICULTURAL ORGANIZATION, AGRICULTURAL PRACTICES, AGRICULTURAL PRICES, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION SYSTEMS, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY, AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGIES, AGRICULTURAL USES, AGRICULTURAL WATER USE, AGRICULTURE, AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION, AGROFORESTRY, AGRONOMIC PRACTICES, AGRONOMY, ANIMALS, AQUIFERS, ARID AREAS, ARID CONDITIONS, ARID REGIONS, AVERAGE YIELD, AVERAGE YIELDS, BASINS, BIODIVERSITY, BIOMASS, BOTANY, CARBON DIOXIDE, CARBON SEQUESTRATION, CASE STUDIES, CASH CROPS, CATCHMENT, CATCHMENTS, CENTER FOR INTERNATIONAL FORESTRY RESEARCH, CGIAR, CGIAR CENTERS, CHICKPEAS, CIFOR, CLASSIFICATION, CLIMATE, CLIMATE CHANGE, CLIMATE IMPACTS, CLIMATE VARIABILITY, CLIMATIC CONDITIONS, COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT, COMPETITION FOR WATER, CONSTRUCTION, COTTON, COVER CROPS, COVERING, CROP, CROP INSURANCE, CROP MANAGEMENT, CROP MANAGEMENT PRACTICES, CROP PRODUCTION, CROP ROTATION, CROP ROTATIONS, CROP YIELDS, CROPLAND, CROPPING, CROPPING SEASONS, CROPPING SYSTEM, DAMS, DATA COLLECTION, DEEP PERCOLATION, DEFICIT IRRIGATION, DEFORESTATION, DESERTIFICATION, DISCHARGE, DISTRIBUTION OF RAINFALL, DOWNSTREAM USERS, DRAINAGE, DROUGHT, DRY SEASONS, DRYLAND FARMERS, EARTHWORKS, ECONOMIC GROWTH, ECOSYSTEMS, ENGINEERING, EROSION, EROSION CONTROL, ESTUARIES, EVAPORATION, EVAPOTRANSPIRATION, EVAPOTRANSPIRATION MEASUREMENT, EXTERNALITIES, FAO, FARM PONDS, FARMERS, FARMING, FARMING SYSTEMS, FERTILIZERS, FISHERIES, FLOOD DAMAGE, FLOODING, FLOODS, FLOW REGULATION, FLUSHING, FOOD DEMAND, FOOD PRICES, FOOD SUPPLY, FORESTRY, FORESTS, FRUIT, GIS, GRAIN, GRAIN CROPS, GRAIN SORGHUM, GREEN REVOLUTION, GROUNDWATER, GROUNDWATER RECHARGE, GROWING SEASON, HARVEST, ICARDA, ICE, ICRISAT, IFAD, IITA, IMPACT ASSESSMENT, INTERNATIONAL AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH, INTERNATIONAL FUND FOR AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT, INTERNATIONAL WATER, INTUITION, IRRIGATION DEVELOPMENT, LAND COVER, LAND MANAGEMENT, LAND USE, LIVESTOCK, LOW RAINFALL, MAIZE, MALNUTRITION, NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT, NATURAL RESOURCES, NATURAL RESOURCES MANAGEMENT, NUTRIENTS, ORCHARDS, ORGANIC MATTER, PARKS, PASTURES, PESTICIDE, PESTICIDE USE, PLAINS, PLANT BREEDING, PLANT GROWTH, PLANT PRODUCTION, PLANTATION, PONDS, POPULATION GROWTH, POTATOES, POTENTIAL YIELDS, POVERTY ALLEVIATION, POVERTY REDUCTION, PRECIPITATION, PRECIPITATION PATTERNS, PRESSURE, PROGRAMS, RAIN, RAINFALL EVENTS, RAINFED CROPS, RAINWATER, RECHARGE, REMOTE SENSING, RESEARCH CENTERS, RESERVOIRS, RICE, RIDGING, RIPARIAN, RIPARIAN VEGETATION, ROOT ZONE, ROOTS, RURAL DEVELOPMENT, RURAL POPULATION, RURAL POVERTY, SATELLITE DATA, SEDIMENT, SEDIMENT LOAD, SILT, SNOW, SOIL CONSERVATION, SOIL EROSION, SOIL MANAGEMENT, SOIL MOISTURE, SOIL MOISTURE STORAGE, SOIL PROFILE, SOIL STRUCTURE, SOILS, STORM WATER, STREAM, STREAMFLOW, SUGAR, SURFACE RUNOFF, THE CONSULTATIVE GROUP, TRANSPORTATION INFRASTRUCTURE, TREES, TROPICAL AGRICULTURE, UNEP, UNITED NATIONS, USE OF WATER, VEGETATION, VEGETATIVE BARRIERS, WATER AVAILABILITY, WATER CONSERVATION, WATER CONSERVATION TECHNIQUES, WATER CONSUMPTION, WATER CONTENT, WATER DEPARTMENT, WATER DEVELOPMENT, WATER HARVESTING, WATER LAW, WATER MANAGEMENT, WATER MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS, WATER QUALITY, WATER QUALITY IMPROVEMENTS, WATER QUANTITY, WATER REQUIREMENTS, WATER RESOURCES, WATER RETENTION, WATER RIGHTS, WATER SUPPLY, WATER SYSTEMS, WATER USE EFFICIENCY, WATER VAPOR, WATERSHED, WATERSHED DEVELOPMENT, WATERSHEDS, WETLANDS, WHEAT, WILDLIFE, WINTER WHEAT