Improving Governance for Scaling up SLM in Mali
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World Bank
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A Benefit-Cost Analysis (BCA) was
undertaken to assess the returns to land management
practices of major land use types, namely forests,
rangelands, and selected crops (rice, maize, cotton, and
millet). Also the public expenditure on SLM was reviewed
and an assessment carried out how the expenditure is aligned
to land policies and how it is targeted to land degradation
hotspots. The results show that, without some form of
incentives for communities around forests in Sikasso,
farmers will continue to clear the forest and plant maize.
This underscores the importance of providing payments for
ecosystem services for communities in the proximity of
forests in Sikasso. Rotational grazing increases the average
forage biomass by 7 percent to 20 percent. However, even
for rotation grazing, forage biomass shows a declining
trend, underscoring the severe overgrazing problem. This
suggests rotational grazing alone may not be able to fully
address the area's declining pasture quality. BCA of
crops shows that for maize, rice, and cotton, land
management practices that combine fertilizer, manure, and
crop residues are more profitable and competitive than those
which use any of the three practices alone.
Palabras clave
ACCESS TO INFORMATION, AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES, AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT, AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS, AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION, AGRICULTURAL LAND, AGRICULTURAL LANDS, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY, AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH, AGRICULTURAL SECTOR, AGROFORESTRY, ALTERNATIVE ENERGY, ANIMALS, ARABLE AREAS, BENEFIT COST ANALYSIS, BEQUEST VALUE, BIODIVERSITY, BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION, BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY, BIOMASS, CARBON, CARBON BIOMASS, CARBON MARKET, CARBON MARKETS, CARBON MITIGATION, CARBON SEQUESTRATION, CARBON TRADING, CHEMICAL FERTILIZERS, CHEMICALS, CLEAN DEVELOPMENT MECHANISM, CLIMATE, CLIMATE CHANGE, CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION, CO, CO2, COLORS, COMMON LAND, COMMUNITY FOREST, COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE, COMPOST, COST ANALYSIS, COTTON, CROP, CROP DAMAGE, CROP PRODUCTION, CROP RESIDUE, CROP RESIDUES, CROP ROTATION, CROP VARIETIES, CROP YIELD, CROP YIELDS, CROPLAND, CROPLANDS, CROPPING, CROPS, DECENTRALIZATION, DEFORESTATION, DEFORESTATION RATE, DEGRADED AREAS, DEGRADED LANDS, DEGRADED PASTURE, DESERTIFICATION, DNA, DRAINAGE, DRAINAGE INFRASTRUCTURE, DROUGHT, DRY SEASON, ECOLOGICAL BENEFITS, ECOLOGICAL ZONE, ECOLOGICAL ZONES, ECONOMIC ACTIVITY, ECONOMIC GROWTH, ECONOMICS, ECOSYSTEM, EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE, ENERGY SOURCES, ENVIRONMENTAL, ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION, ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES, EQUIPMENT, EROSION CONTROL, EROSION PREVENTION, EXISTENCE VALUE, EXPENDITURES, EXTENSION SERVICES, FAO, FARM, FARM ACTIVITIES, FARM PRODUCTIVITY, FARMER, FARMERS, FARMING, FERTILISER, FERTILIZER, FERTILIZER SUBSIDIES, FERTILIZER SUBSIDY, FERTILIZER USE, FINANCIAL RESOURCES, FIRE MANAGEMENT, FISH, FISHERIES, FODDER, FOOD SECURITY, FOREST, FOREST CLEARING, FOREST CODE, FOREST COVER, FOREST DEGRADATION, FOREST LAND, FOREST MANAGEMENT, FOREST MARGINS, FOREST OWNER, FOREST POLICY, FOREST PRODUCTION, FOREST PRODUCTS, FOREST PROTECTION, FOREST RESOURCES, FORESTRY, FORESTRY POLICY, FORESTS, FUELWOOD, HORTICULTURAL CROPS, HORTICULTURAL PRODUCTION, HOUSING, HUNGER, ICRISAT, IFPRI, INCIDENCE OF POVERTY, INVESTMENT IN AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH, LABOR COSTS, LABOR FORCE, LAND DEGRADATION, LAND IMPROVEMENT, LAND MANAGEMENT, LAND QUALITY, LAND RESOURCES, LAND TENURE, LAND TENURE SYSTEMS, LAND TITLING, LAND USE, LAND USERS, LIVELIHOODS, LIVESTOCK, LOSS OF FOREST, MAIZE, MAIZE PRODUCTION, MARGINAL COST, MARKETING, MILLET, MINES, MINISTRIES OF AGRICULTURE, NATIONAL FOREST POLICY, NATIONAL FORESTRY, NATURAL REGENERATION, NATURAL RESOURCE, NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT, NATURAL RESOURCES, NATURAL RESOURCES MANAGEMENT, NEGATIVE IMPACT, NGOS, NITROGEN, NON-USE VALUES, OPPORTUNITY COSTS, OPTION VALUE, ORGANIC MATTER, OVERGRAZING, PASTURES, PLANT PROTECTION, PLANTING, POLICY MAKERS, POOR FARMERS, PRECIPITATION, PRESENT VALUE, PRIVATE SECTOR, PRODUCE, PRODUCERS, PRODUCTION COST, PRODUCTION COSTS, PRODUCTION SYSTEMS, RAIN, RAINFALL, RAINFALL VARIABILITY, RAINFED AGRICULTURE, RAINWATER, RANGELANDS, REFORESTATION, RESOURCE MANAGEMENT, RESOURCE MOBILIZATION, RESOURCE USE, RICE, RICE CROPS, RICE PRODUCTION, RICE VARIETIES, RICE YIELDS, RURAL COMMUNITIES, RURAL DEVELOPMENT, SEDIMENTATION, SEEDS, SOIL EROSION, SOIL FERTILITY, SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, TEMPERATURE, TEXTILES, TILLAGE, TIMBER, TIMBER FOREST PRODUCTS, TRANSACTION COSTS, TREES, TROPICAL FORESTS, UREA, USE VALUE, VEGETATION, VETERINARY SERVICES, WATER HARVESTING, WATER SUPPLY, WATERSHED, WETLANDS, WILDLIFE, WIND, WIND EROSION, WOODLANDS, YIELD INCREASE